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Section 83 Property For Services

• Rev. Rul. 2007-49, Situation 1  (Vested Stock to Nonvested Stock with No Exchange)
• Rev. Rul. 2007-49, Situation 2  (Vested Stock to Nonvested Stock In Tax-Free Reorg Exchange)
• Reg. 1.83-6(d)(1)  (Shareholder Transfer of Stock To Employee of Corp)

Section 162 Business Expenses

• Anderson  ("All Events" Test For Accruing Expenses)
• Aspro, Inc.  (Purported Management Fees Were Disguised Dividends)
• Cox  (Rental of Joint Real Estate to Husband's Sole Proprietorship)
• Gilmore  (Origin of the Claim)
• INDOPCO  (Deductibility of Takeover Expenses)
• Welch v. Helvering  (Deductibility of Reputation Payments)
• Rev. Rul. 67-12  (Business Expenses Paid In a Year After the Termination of the Business Were Deductible)
• Rev. Rul. 70-253  (Payment of Compensation by a Partner to Partnership Employee Deductible under 162(a)) Video
• Rev. Rul. 73-226  (Payments to Protect Business Reputation & Goodwill)
• Rev. Rul. 80-164  (Cash Method Employer Timing of Deduction for FICA Taxes)
• Rev. Rul. 84-68  (Parent Payment of Bonuses to Subsidiary Employees) Video
• Rev. Rul. 2008-39  (Upper-Tier Partnership Sec. 212 Expenses Must be Separately Stated)

Section 245A Domestic Corporation DRD for Dividends from SFCs

• CCA 202436010  (No 245A DRD for Dividends from a SFC to a CFC)

Section 301 & 302 Distributions & Redemptions

• Aspro, Inc.  (Purported Management Fees Were Disguised Dividends)
• Avery  (Dividend Not Taxable Until Unqualifiedly Made Subject to Shareholder's Demands)
• Barnes Group, Inc.  (Structured Repatriation of Cash Was Held to be a Dividend)
• Chamberlin  (Preferred Stock Bail-Out - Precursor to Section 306)
• Clark  (Boot Treated as Received in Hypothetical Redemption)
• Davis  (Section 302 - Redemption of Preferred Stock)
• Esmark  (Tender offer followed by In-Kind redemption)
• Falkoff  (Return of Capital Distribution in Anticipation of Future Profits)
• Heinz  (Subsidiary Purchase & Sale of Parent Stock)
• Johnson  (No Basis Aggregation For Section 301 Distribution)
• Kraft Foods Co.  (Distribution of Own Debt as a Dividend)
• Owens Machinery Co.  (In-Kind Redemption Not a Section 311 Distribution)
• Estate of Putnam  (Dividend Declared but Not Paid is Not Yet Taxable)
• Sammons  (Constructive Dividend: Partial Vertical Control)
• Soreng  (Disproportionate Circular Flow of Cash Not Disregarded)
• TSN Liquidating  (Pre-sale Distribution - Treated as Dividend)
• Waterman Steamship  (Pre-sale Distribution - Treated as Sales Proceeds)
• Zenz v. Quinlivan  (Part Sale / Part Redemption)
• Rev. Rul. 56-345  (C Reorganization & Subsequent Redemption Not Integrated Transactions)
• Rev. Rul. 56-431  (Dividend Waiver Deemed Ineffectual with Related Shareholders)
• Rev. Rul. 58-1  (Bargain Rentals To Shareholders Results in Constructive Dividends)
• Rev. Rul. 68-21  (In-Kind Redemption to Shareholders in Their Capacity as Shareholders)
• Rev. Rul. 69-608, Situation 1  (Constructive Dividend for Corporate Assumption of Shareholder Liability)
• Rev. Rul. 69-630  (Bargain Sale Between Brother-Sister Corporations)
• Rev. Rul. 70-106  (Minority Redemption & Liquidation Is Not a Sec. 332 Transaction)
• Rev. Rul. 70-639  (Section 302(b)(3) Complete Termination: Landlord)
• Rev. Rul. 71-426  (Voting Trustee is a Tainted Interest for 302(b)(3) Termination)
• Rev. Rul. 71-562  (Section 302(b)(3) Complete Termination: Disregard of Second Son's Acquisition)
• Rev. Rul. 72-380  (Executor of Estate Not Tainted Interest for 302(b)(3) Termination)
• Rev. Rul. 75-223, Situation 1  (Partial Liquidation With Sale of Former Subsidiary's Assets)
• Rev. Rul. 75-223, Situation 2  (Partial Liquidation With Sale of Subsidiary's Assets)
• Rev. Rul. 75-223, Situation 3  (No Partial Liquidation With Distribution of Subsidiary Stock)
• Rev. Rul. 75-513  (An Increase in the Conversion Ratio of Convertible Bonds Was a Deemed Dividend to the Bondholders)
• Rev. Rul. 75-493  (Pre-Sale Distribution: 301 Distribution, Liquidation Proceeds, or Sales Proceeds)
• Rev. Rul. 75-512  (Redemption Not Equivalent to a Dividend Under 302(b)(1))
• Rev. Rul. 76-454  (Constructive Dividend as Part of 351 Exchange) Video
• Rev. Rul. 76-364  (Stock Redemption: Lost Control Where Acting In Concert With One Other Shareholder)
• Rev. Rul. 76-496  (Section 302(b)(3) Complete Termination: Not a Successor Corporation)
• Rev. Rul. 76-524  (Section 302(b)(3) Complete Termination: Officer)
• Rev. Rul. 76-526  (No Partial Liquidation on Distribution of Real Estate)
• Rev. Rul. 77-226  (No DRD for Redemption Integrated with Sale)
• Rev. Rul. 77-237  (Substantially Disproportionate Redemption of Both Father & Son)
• Rev. Rul. 77-427  (Section 304 Redemption Treated as 302(a) Exchange)
• Rev. Rul. 77-467  (Section 302(b)(3) Complete Termination: Landlord, No Prohibited Interest)
• Rev. Rul. 78-401  (Stock Redemption: No Meaningful Reduction of Proportionate Interest) Video
• Rev. Rul. 80-239  (301 Distribution Thru Conduit Entity)
• Rev. Rul. 81-41  (Substantially Disproportionate Redemption -- No Common Stock Owned)
• Rev. Rul. 81-233  (UGMA Trustee is a Tainted Interest For 302(b)(3) Termination)
• Rev. Rul. 83-22  (Dividend on Non-vested Stock With 83(b) Election Treat as a Dividend)
• Rev. Rul. 87-88  (Substantially Disproportionate Redemption Multiple Classes of Common)
• Rev. Rul. 90-13  (No Surrender of Stock in Pro Rata Partial Liquidation)
• Notice 2001-45  (Basis Shifting Tax Shelter)
• Reg. 1.301-1(e), Example  (Section 301 Distribution Greater Than E&P and Stock Basis) Video
• Reg. 1.302-2(c), Example 2  (Husband's Stock Redeemed - Basis Transfers to Wife) Video
• Reg. 1.302-3(b), Example  (Substantially Disproportionate Redemption)
• AM 2013-006  (Section 302 Redemption Reduces CFC's Pool of Foreign Income Taxes)
• PLR 200225032  (U.S. Tax Treatment of German Organschaft)
• PLR 200840014  (Extension Granted for 897 Statement & Notice Requirements in a Redemption)
• 861-865 Classification of Transactions

Section 304 Transactions

• Bhada  (Inversion Was Not a Section 304 Transaction [Busted 351 Exchange])
• Cox  (Installment Sale Treatment Not Available For 304 Transaction)
• Virginia Materials Corp  (304: Subsidiary Purchase of Parent Stock)
• Rev. Rul. 70-496  (Classic 304 Transaction)
• Rev. Rul. 73-2  (Section 304/351 Overlap) Video
• Rev. Rul. 74-605  (Upstream Stock Sale is Not a 304 Transaction) Video
• Rev. Rul. 77-427  (Section 304 Redemption Treated as 302(a) Exchange)
• Rev. Rul. 78-422  (304 Transaction Due to Assumption of Liability)
• Rev. Rul. 80-189  (Section 304 - Subsidiary Purchase of Parent Stock)
• Rev. Rul. 89-57  (304 Transaction with >50% Value But Not >50% Vote)
• Rev. Rul. 91-5  (Section 304 Transaction with U.S. Seller of Foreign Co)
• Rev. Rul. 92-85, Situation 1  (FDAP Withholding on 304 Transaction) Video
• Rev. Rul. 92-85, Situation 2  (FDAP Withholding on 304 Transaction) Video
• Rev. Rul. 2004-83  (Related Stock Purch. & Liquidation Treated as D Reorganization) Video
• Temp. Reg. 1.304-4T(a), Example  (Section 304 Anti-Abuse Rule)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-9T(e), Example  (367(a) Gain Recognition on Certain Outbound 304 Transactions)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(b)-4T(e)(4), Example  (367(b) Inclusion on Certain Outbound 304 Transactions)
• Reg. 1.951-1(e)(6), Example 8  (Pro Rata Share - Common and Preferred)
• PLR 200838007  (Extension Granted for 897 Statement & Notice & 1445 Withholding Requirements in a 351 Exchange)
• 304 Outbound Section 304 Transaction - Deemed 351 Exchange
• 304 Can Be a One-Way Street
• 304(b)(5)(B) Anti-abuse Rule for Redemptions of U.S. Corporations in Foreign Sandwich Structures

Section 305 Stock Dividends

• Eisner v. Macomber  (Stock Dividends are Not Taxable)
• Rev. Rul. 75-513  (An Increase in the Conversion Ratio of Convertible Bonds Was a Deemed Dividend to the Bondholders)
• Rev. Rul. 80-154  (Foreign Corp.'s Capitalization of Earnings - Sec. 305 Stock Dividend) Video

Section 318 Attribution

• Rev. Rul. 89-64  (Attribution for Option Not Currently Exercisable)
• Rev. Rul. 82-150  (Deep in-the-Money Option Deemed Exercised)
• Reg. 1.318-2(a), Example 1  (Corporation Not Considered to Own Its Own Stock)
• Reg. 1.318-2(a), Example 2  (Section 318 50% Threshold Includes Attributed Ownership) Video
• Reg. 1.318-2(b), Example  (Family Attribution: Up One and Down Two Generations)
• Reg. 1.318-2(c), Example 1  (Partnership Attribution)
• 318 Family Attribution

Section 331 & 332 Liquidations

• American Manufacturing  (Outbound D Reorganization)
• Atlas Tool  (D Reorganization with Boot)
• Chrome Plate, Inc.  (Kimbell-Diamond Doctrine Is Extinct)
• Day & Zimmermann  (Intentionally Avoiding Section 332)
• Granite Trust Co.  (Intentionally Avoiding Section 332)
• Kansas Sand & Concrete, Inc.  (Pre-Section 338 Stock Purchase & Upstream Merger)
• Phipps  (Judicial Creation of Hovering Deficit Rule)
• H.K. Porter Co.  (Worthless Stock Deduction: Liquidating Distribution Only On Preferred Stock)
• Smothers  (Liquidation - Reincorporation / D Reorganization with Boot)
• Spaulding Bakeries, Inc.  (Worthless Stock Deduction: Liquidating Distribution Was Only w/r/t Pref'd Stock)
• Rev. Rul. 58-422  (Merger of Parent and its Subsidiaries into Single NewCo is an "F" Reorg & Two 332 Liquidations)
• Rev. Rul. 59-296  (Upstream Merger of Insolvent Subsidiary is Not a Section 332 Liquidation) Video
• Rev. Rul. 60-50  (Complete Liquidation Followed by Reactivation)
• Rev. Rul. 61-156  (Liquidation - Reincorporation with 45% Common Ownership)
• Rev. Rul. 68-359  (Liquidation of Insolvent Subsidiary with NOLS)
• Rev. Rul. 68-602  (Pre-Liquidation Debt Cancellation of Insolvent Subsidiary)
• Rev. Rul. 69-617  (Upstream Merger Followed by A Contribution Is Not A Section 332 Liquidation)
• Rev. Rul. 70-106  (Minority Redemption & Liquidation Is Not a Sec. 332 Transaction)
• Rev. Rul. 70-141  (Ownership Attribution - Reg. 1.1502-34 & Sections 332 & 351)
• Rev. Rul. 70-223  (Taxable Stock Acquisition & Downstream Merger)
• Rev. Rul. 70-240  (Asset Sale & Liquidation Treated as D Reorganization)
• Rev. Rul. 70-373  (Deemed Paid Credit Impact of Lower-Tier 332 Liquidation) Video
• Rev. Rul. 70-409  (Liquidating Distribution of Shareholders' Notes Was a Distribution of Money)
• Rev. Rul. 72-405  (Forward Triangular Merger & Liquidation of Transitory Subsidiary is a C Reorganization)
• Rev. Rul. 74-598  (Ownership Attribution - Reg. 1.1502-34 & Section 332)
• Rev. Rul. 75-521  (Stock Purchase & Liquidation Qualifies Under Section 332) Video
• Rev. Rul. 84-2  (Section 332 Liquidation: Nominal Assets Remaining) Video
• Rev. Rul. 2003-125, Situation 2  (Check the Box Election As Identifiable Event For Worthless Stock Deduction)
• Rev. Rul. 2004-83  (Related Stock Purch. & Liquidation Treated as D Reorganization) Video
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(e)(6)(ii), Example  (Outbound 351, 332 Liquidation & Disposition of Substantially All Assets)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(g)(3)(v), Example 1  (Outbound 351 Exchange & Inbound 332 Liquidation)
• Reg. 1.367(b)-1(b)(2), Example  (Liquidation into 90% Corporate-Owned Partnership Does Not Qualify Under Sec. 332)
• Reg. 1.367(b)-3(b)(3)(ii), Example 1  (CFC Inbound Section 332 Liquidation With 100% Ownership)
• Reg. 1.367(b)-3(b)(3)(ii), Example 2  (CFC Inbound Section 332 Liquidation With 100% Ownership)
• Reg. 1.367(b)-3(b)(3)(ii), Example 3  (CFC Inbound Section 332 Liquidation With 80% Ownership)
• Prop. Reg. 1.367(d)-1(f)(6)(ii)(A), Example 1  (Repatriation of Intangibles Via Section 332 Liquidation)
• Reg. 1.367(e)-2(b)(1)(ii)(B)(2), Example  (Outbound 332 Liquidation: Overall Loss Limitation)
• Temp. Reg. 1.897-5T(b)(5), Example 3  (Outbound 332 Liquidation of USRPI [Including Former USRPHC])
• Temp. Reg. 1.902-1(c)(8)(ii), Example  (Effect of Liquidation on Pre-1998 Foreign Taxes Paid by 4th Tier Corporation) Video
• Reg. 1.1248-8(c)(3), Example  (Section 1248 Gain - Sale After 332 Liquidation)
• Reg. 1.1361-4(a)(2)(ii), Example 1  (Qualified Stock Purchase & QSub Election)
• Reg. 1.1361-4(a)(2)(ii), Example 2  (Stock for Stock Exchange & QSub Election)
• Reg. 1.1361-4(a)(2)(ii), Example 3  (Contribution & QSub Election - Drop & Check)
• Reg. 1.1361-4(a)(2)(iv), Example  (Redemption & QSub Election)
• PLR 200448013  (Outbound 332 Liquidation With 80% Domestic Subsidiary Corporation)
• PLR 201348011  (Sec. 367(e)(2): Outbound 332 Liquidation With Assets Remaining in U.S. For 10 Years)
• 332 Foreign-to-Foreign Section 332 Liquidation
• 332 Inbound Section 332 Liquidation

Section 338 Elections & 336(e) Elections

• Chrome Plate, Inc.  (Kimbell-Diamond Doctrine Is Extinct)
• Kansas Sand & Concrete, Inc.  (Pre-Section 338 Stock Purchase & Upstream Merger)
• Kimbell-Diamond  (Stock Purchase & Target Liquidation Treated as Asset Acquisition)
• Yoc Heating  (85% Stock Purchase Followed By Taxable Reorganization)
• Rev. Rul. 90-95  (Cash Merger of Transitory Subsidiary Treated as Qualified Stock Purchase)
• Rev. Rul. 2001-46  (Multi-Step Tax Free Reorganization was Not a Qualified Stock Purchase)
• Notice 2004-20  (Foreign Tax Credit Intermediary Transaction)
• Rev. Rul. 2008-25  (Multi-Step Reorganization Was a Qualified Stock Purchase)
• Notice 2014-44, Example 1  (Impact of Sec. 901(m) on a Qualified Stock Purchase with a 338(g) Election, Followed by a Check-the-Box Election of the Target)
• Notice 2014-44, Example 2  (Impact of Sec.901(m) on a Qualified Stock Purchase with a 338(g) Election, Followed by a Contribution with Boot)
• 338(g) Election
• 338(h)(10) Election
• 338(g) Election - Controlled Foreign Corporation Target
• 338 Non-Corporate Purchaser: De Facto 338 Election
• Reg. 1.336-2(k), Example 1  (Section 336(e) Election Sale of 100% of Target Stock)
• Reg. 1.336-2(k), Example 2  (Section 336(e) Election Sale of 80% of Target Stock)
• Reg. 1.338-3(b)(3)(iv), Example 1  (QSP - Busted 351 [Via IPO] is a Section 338(h)(3) Purchase)
• Reg. 1.338-3(b)(3)(iv), Example 2  (QSP - Related Person Acquisition)
• Reg. 1.338-3(b)(3)(iv), Example 3  (No QSP - Shares Constructively Acquired Prior to 12 Month Period)
• Reg. 1.338-3(b)(3)(iv), Example 4  (No QSP - Shares Constructively Acquired Prior to 12 Month Period)
• Reg. 1.338-3(b)(4)(ii), Example  (QSP - Acquisition Date for Tiered Targets)
• Reg. 1.338-3(b)(5)(iv), Example 1  (QSP - Purchase, Redemption, & Purchase)
• Reg. 1.338-3(b)(5)(iv), Example 2  (QSP - Purchase & Redemption)
• Reg. 1.338-3(b)(5)(iv), Example 3  (No QSP - Redemption & Purchase)
• Reg. 1.338-3(b)(5)(iv), Example 4  (QSP - Purchase & Related Person Redemption)
• Reg. 1.338-3(c)(1)(ii), Example 1  (Purchase & Sale of Target)
• Reg. 1.338-3(c)(1)(ii), Example 2  (Purchase of Target & Sale of Target's Subsidiary)
• Reg. 1.338-3(d)(5), Example  (Post-QSP Merger of Target)
• Reg. 1.338-9(f), Example 1  (Section 1248 Gain on QSP of a CFC With Gain Recognition Election)
• Reg. 1.338-9(f), Example 2  (Section 1248 Gain on QSP of a CFC Without Gain Recognition Election)
• Reg. 1.338-9(f), Example 3  (Creeping Acquisition of CFC [U.S. Sellers])
• Reg. 1.338-9(f), Example 4  (Creeping Acquisition of CFC [Foreign Seller])
• Reg. 1.338-10(a)(7), Example 1  (338 Election - "One-Day" Tax Return)
• Reg. 1.338-10(a)(7), Example 2  (338 Election - Short Year Tax Return)
• Reg. 1.338(h)(10)-1(e), Example 1  (338(h)(10) Election For Some But Not All Targets)
• Reg. 1.338(h)(10)-1(e), Example 2  (Pre-Sale Distribution and QSP)
• Reg. 1.338(h)(10)-1(e), Example 11  (Stock Acquis'n Merger Followed By Upstream Merger - No 338(h)(10) Election)
• Reg. 1.338(h)(10)-1(e), Example 12  (Stock Acquis'n Merger Followed By Upstream Merger - With 338(h)(10) Election)
• Reg. 1.338(h)(10)-1(e), Example 13  (Stock Acquis'n Merger Followed By Brother-Sister Mgr - W/ 338(h)(10) Election)
• Reg. 1.338(h)(10)-1(e), Example 14  (Stock Acquisition (Not a QSP) Followed By Upstream Merger)
• Reg. 1.1361-4(a)(2)(ii), Example 1  (Qualified Stock Purchase & QSub Election)
• PLR 8938031  (Foreign Target in 338(g) Election - No Subpart F Income to Purchaser)

Section 351 Exchanges

• American Bantam Car Co.  (Section 351 - Control "Immediately After" the Exchange)
• Bhada  (Inversion Was Not a Section 304 Transaction [Busted 351 Exchange])
• Black & Decker  (Contingent Liability Tax Shelter)
• Hazeltine  (Busted 351 Exchange)
• Intermountain Lumber  (Busted Section 351 Exchange) Video
• Weikel  (351 Exchange Followed by B Reorganization)
• Rev. Rul. 54-96  (Contribution & Stock Exchange Not a 351 Exchange Nor a B Reorganization)
• Rev. Rul. 56-100  (Busted 351: Two-step Exchange)
• Rev. Rul. 59-259  (368(c) Control - At Least 80% of Total Number of Shares of Each Class of Non-Voting Stock)
• Rev. Rul. 67-192  (Section 367 Triggers Gain, but not Loss, in Outbound 351 Transaction)
• Rev. Rul. 68-43  (Deemed Stock Dividend on 351 Exchange)
• Rev. Rul. 68-298  (351 Exchange & Distribution to Shareholder)
• Rev. Rul. 68-349  (Failed 351 Exchange - Lack of Control / Included an F Reorganization)
• Rev. Rul. 68-357  (Section 351 Exchange Combined with C Reorganizations)
• Rev. Rul. 70-140  (Purported 351 Followed by B Reorganization)
• Rev. Rul. 70-141  (Ownership Attribution - Reg. 1.1502-34 & Sections 332 & 351)
• Rev. Rul. 70-522  (Busted 351 Via Mutual Exchanges of Stock) Video
• Rev. Rul. 73-2  (Section 304/351 Overlap) Video
• Rev. Rul. 74-503  (Section 351/1032 Overlap "Zero Basis" Problem)
• Rev. Rul. 76-123  (Section 351 Exchange Combined With C Reorganization)
• Rev. Rul. 76-454  (Constructive Dividend as Part of 351 Exchange) Video
• Rev. Rul. 77-449  (Successive 351 Transfers)
• Rev. Rul. 78-130  (Outbound 351 & Asset Reorg Recast as a Triangular C Reorg)
• Rev. Rul. 79-70  (Busted 351 Via Prearranged Plan to Sell Stock) Video
• Rev. Rul. 79-194, Situation 1  (351 Exchange: Sale of Stock to Other Transferors) Video
• Rev. Rul. 79-194, Situation 2  (Failed 351 Exchange: Accommodation Exchange)
• Rev. Rul. 81-132  (Transferor Ownership Not Attributed in 351 Exchange for Treaty Purposes)
• Rev. Rul. 83-34  (Successive 351 Transfers (80% Ownership))
• Rev. Rul. 83-156  (351 Followed by 721)
• Rev. Rul. 84-71  (Section 351(a) As Part of Taxable Acquisitive Transaction [National Starch])
• Rev. Rul. 84-44  (Forward Triangular Merger Not Part of 351 Exchange)
• Rev. Rul. 84-111, Situation 1  (Partnership Conversion to Corporation: Assets Down & Stock Up) Video
• Rev. Rul. 84-111, Situation 2  (Partnership Conversion to Corporation: Assets Up & Assets Down) Video
• Rev. Rul. 84-111, Situation 3  (Partnership Conversion to Corporation: Partnership Interests Down) Video
• Rev. Rul. 84-160  (Section 351 Exchange of One USRPI for Another USRPI) Video
• Rev. Rul. 89-46  (Ownership Attribution - Reg. 1.1502-34 & Section 351) Video
• Notice 94-93  (Domestic Inversion With Disproportionate Shares Issued)
• Notice 2001-17  (Contingent Liability Tax Shelter) Video
• Rev. Rul. 2003-51  (Successive 351 Exchanges)
• Rev. Rul. 2007-8, Situation 1  (351 Exchange / D Reorg Overlap with Liabilities Exceeding Basis)
• Rev. Rul. 2007-8, Situation 2  (351 Exchange / C Reorg Overlap with Liabilities Exceeding Basis)
• Rev. Rul. 2015-9  (Outbound 351 & Asset Reorg - Form Respected (No Longer Recast as a Triangular C Reorg))
• Rev. Rul. 2015-10  (Triple Drop and Check - Two 351s Followed by a D Reorg)
• Reg. 1.351-1(a)(2), Example 1  (Section 351 Exchange With New Corporation) Video
• Reg. 1.351-1(a)(2), Example 2  (78% is Insufficient to Qualify Under Section 351) Video
• Reg. 1.351-1(a)(2), Example 3  (80% Threshold Includes Stock Received for Services) Video
• Reg. 1.351-1(b)(2), Example 1  (Section 351 Exchange With Constructive Transfer)
• Reg. 1.351-1(b)(2), Example 2  (Stock in Exchange For Services)
• Reg. 1.351-1(c)(7), Example 1  (No Investment Company Under Section 351(e)(1) -- De Minimis Diversification)
• Reg. 1.351-1(c)(7), Example 2  (Investment Co. Under Section 351(e)(1) Due to Diversification)
• Reg. 1.367(a)-1T(c)(3)(i)(A), Example  (Partnership Outbound 351 Exchange)
• Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 13  (Successive 351 Exchanges)
• Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 13A  (Successive 351 Exchanges)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(d)(1)(ii), Example  (Outbound 351 & Sale of Transferred)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(e)(3)(iv), Example 1  (Outbound 351 & Domestic F Reorganization)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(e)(3)(iv), Example 1, Alternate Facts  (Outbound 351 & Outbound F Reorganization)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(e)(3)(iv), Example 2  (Outbound 351 Followed by Acquisitive D Reorganization)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(e)(3)(iv), Example 3  (Outbound 351 Followed by C Reorganization)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(e)(6)(ii), Example  (Outbound 351, 332 Liquidation & Disposition of Substantially All Assets)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(f)(1)(iii), Example  (Outbound 351 Exchange Followed by Foreign-to-Foreign 351 With Boot)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(g)(1)(iii), Example  (Outbound 351 Exchange & Partial Dispositions)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(g)(1)(vi), Example 1  (Outbound 351 & Sale of Transferee)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(g)(1)(vi), Example 2  (Outbound of Stock, Outbound of Land and Sale of Transferee)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(g)(3)(v), Example 1  (Outbound 351 Exchange & Inbound 332 Liquidation)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(g)(3)(v), Example 2  (Outbound 351 Exchange & Spin-Off)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(h)(2)(iv), Example 1  (2003 Outbound 351 Exchange & 2005 Spin-Off)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(h)(2)(iv), Example 2  (2003 Outbound 351 & 2005 Foreign-to-Foreign 351)
• Temp. Reg. 1.897-6T(a)(7), Example 1  (Inbound 351 of a USRPI to USRPHC)
• Temp. Reg. 1.897-6T(a)(7), Example 6  (Inbound 351 of a USRPI with Treaty Exemption)
• Reg. 1.1248-8(b)(7), Example 1  (Section 1248 Gain - Sale After 351 Exchange of Property)
• Reg. 1.1248-8(b)(7), Example 2  (Section 1248 Gain - Sale After 351 Exchange of CFC Stock)
• Reg. 1.1248-8(b)(7), Example 3  (Section 1248 Gain - Sale After 351 Exch. of CFC Stock to U.S. Subsidiary)
• Reg. 1.1361-4(a)(2)(ii), Example 3  (Contribution & QSub Election - Drop & Check)
• Reg. 1.1361-5(b)(3), Example 9  (Sale of QSub Triggers a Deemed 351 Exchange to the Purchaser)
• PLR 200137037  (Foreign-to-Foreign 351 Exchange of a USRPI)
• PLR 200335019  (Conversion of Corp to LP and Election to Treat LP as Corp)
• PLR 200838007  (Extension Granted for 897 Statement & Notice & 1445 Withholding Requirements in a 351 Exchange)
• PLR 202040005  (A Deemed Partnership Distribution of a USRHC & A Deemed Contribution of the USRPHC Into a Foreign Corporation Qualified For Nonrecognition)
• 351 Foreign-to-Foreign 351 Exchange - Operating Assets
• 351 Foreign-to-Foreign 351 Exchange - Stock
• 351 Outbound 351 Exchange - Stock 367(a) & 367(b) Overlap
• 304 Outbound Section 304 Transaction - Deemed 351 Exchange
• 351 Outbound Contribution to Capital - Section 367(c)(2)
• 351 Outbound 351 Exchange - Domestic Corp Stock (Inversion)
• 351 Inbound 351 Exchange

Section 355 Spin-Offs, Split-Offs & Split-Ups

• Elkhorn Coal  (Spin-Off & Purported C Reorganization of Distributing)
• Gregory v. Helvering  (Spin-Off with Transitory Controlled)
• Martin Ice Cream  (Ice Cream Distribution Rights Were Owned By A Shareholder)
• McLaulin  (Failed Spin-Off where Distributing Acquired Control of Controlled in a Redemption)
• Morris Trust  (Spin-off with merger of Distributing)
• Rev. Rul. 56-117  (Recapitalization Preceding Split-Off)
• Rev. Rul. 57-144  (Tainted Spin-Off - Control Acquired Within 5 Years)
• Rev. Rul. 63-260  (No "Control" for Spin-Off Due to Transitory Ownership)
• Rev. Rul. 64-102  (Pre-Split-Off Contribution Was Not a Device for the Distribution of E&P)
• Rev. Rul. 69-407  (Pre-Spin Recapitalization)
• Rev. Rul. 70-434  (Spin-Off Followed by Stock-for-Stock Exchange Qualified as a "B" Reorganization)
• Rev. Rul. 71-383  (Pre-Spin Contribution Was Not a Device)
• Rev. Rul. 73-234  (Active Trade or Business With Independent Contractor Tenant Farmers)
• Rev. Rul. 73-236  (REIT Rents Cannot Be Active Business Rents For Spin-Off)
• Rev. Rul. 73-237  (Active Business Even With Some Independent Contractors)
• Rev. Rul. 79-394  (Active Trade or Business With No [Paid] Employees)
• Rev. Rul. 83-142  (Circular Flow of Cash in Foreign Spin-Off)
• Rev. Rul. 89-37  (Failed Spin-Off: Control Acquired with Gain Recognized)
• Rev. Rul. 89-101  (355 Spin-Off To Reduce Foreign Withholding Taxes) Video
• Rev. Rul. 2003-79  (Spin-Off & C Reorganization of Controlled)
• Rev. Rul. 2007-42, Situation 1  (Spin-Off - 33 1/3 % Interest in Partnership) Video
• Rev. Rul. 2007-42, Situation 2  (Failed Spin-Off - 20% Interest in Partnership) Video
• Rev. Rul. 2017-9, Situation 1  (351 Exchange (South) Followed By Spin-Off (North))
• Rev. Rul. 2017-9, Situation 2  (Gain Recognized On South Transaction Due Boot Received Not Being Distributed)
• Reg. 1.355-2(c)(2), Example 1  (355 Spin-Off: Continuity of Interest)
• Reg. 1.355-2(c)(2), Example 2  (355 Spin-Off: Continuity of Interest - Pre-Spin Sale of Shares (50%))
• Reg. 1.355-2(c)(2), Example 3  (355 Spin-Off: Continuity of Interest - Pre-Spin Sale of Shares (100%))
• Reg. 1.355-2(c)(2), Example 4  (355 Spin-Off: Continuity of Interest - Pre-Spin Sale of Shares (80%))
• Reg. 1.355-2(d)(4), Example 1  (Sale After Distribution (Device))
• Reg. 1.355-2(d)(4), Example 2  (Proportionate Division of Nonbusiness Assets (Nondevice))
• Reg. 1.355-2(d)(4), Example 3  (Disproportionate Division of Nonbusiness Assets (Device))
• Reg. 1.355-2(d)(4), Example 4  (Disproportionate Division of (Non-Cash) Nonbusiness Assets (Device))
• Reg. 1.355-2(d)(5)(v), Example 1  (Disproportionate Division of Nonbusiness Assets, But No E&P (Not a Device))
• Prop. Reg. 1.355-3(d)(2), Example 1  (Spin-Off Meets Section 355(b) Requirements)
• Prop. Reg. 1.355-3(d)(2), Example 2  (Split-Up Meets Section 355(b) Requirements)
• Prop. Reg. 1.355-3(d)(2), Example 3  (Spin-Off - DSAG Member)
• Prop. Reg. 1.355-3(d)(2), Example 4  (Spin-Off - DSAG Member Acquisition of 368(c) Control)
• Prop. Reg. 1.355-3(d)(2), Example 5  (Spin-Off - Segmented CSAG Business)
• Prop. Reg. 1.355-3(d)(2), Example 6  (Spin-Off - Segmented DSAG Business)
• Prop. Reg. 1.355-3(d)(2), Example 7  (Spin-Off - Failed Segmented Business)
• Prop. Reg. 1.355-3(d)(2), Example 8  (Spin-Off - Jointly Owned Partnership)
• Prop. Reg. 1.355-3(d)(2), Example 9  (Double Spin-Off: One Qualifies)
• Prop. Reg. 1.355-3(d)(2), Example 10  (Spin-Off With Securities and Vacant Land)
• Prop. Reg. 1.355-3(d)(2), Example 11  (Spin-Off With Occupied Real Estate)
• Prop. Reg. 1.355-3(d)(2), Example 12  (Spin-Off With Occupied Real Estate)
• Prop. Reg. 1.355-3(d)(2), Example 13  (Failed Spin-Off -- No Significant Activities)
• Prop. Reg. 1.355-3(d)(2), Example 14  (Spin-Off -- Vertical Division -- State Contracts)
• Prop. Reg. 1.355-3(d)(2), Example 15  (Spin-Off -- Vertical Division -- Location)
• Prop. Reg. 1.355-3(d)(2), Example 16  (Spin-Off -- Horizontal Division -- Research)
• Prop. Reg. 1.355-3(d)(2), Example 17  (Spin-Off -- Horizontal Division -- Research)
• Prop. Reg. 1.355-3(d)(2), Example 18  (Spin-Off -- Expansion & Vertical Division -- Location)
• Prop. Reg. 1.355-3(d)(2), Example 19  (Spin-Off -- Expansion & Horizontal Division -- Internet)
• Prop. Reg. 1.355-3(d)(2), Example 20  (Expansion - Acquiring a SAG Member)
• Prop. Reg. 1.355-3(d)(2), Example 21  (No Expansion - Acquiring Only 368(c) Control)
• Prop. Reg. 1.355-3(d)(2), Example 22  (Partnership - Meaningful/Significant)
• Prop. Reg. 1.355-3(d)(2), Example 23  (Partnership - Meaningful/Significant Interest)
• Prop. Reg. 1.355-3(d)(2), Example 24  (Partnership - Multiple Significant Interests)
• Prop. Reg. 1.355-3(d)(2), Example 25  (Spin-Off & Split-Off -- Separated Management Functions)
• Prop. Reg. 1.355-3(d)(2), Example 26  (Purchase of ATB From Related Affiliate Member)
• Prop. Reg. 1.355-3(d)(2), Example 27  (Taxable Acquisition & Section 351 Exchange)
• Prop. Reg. 1.355-3(d)(2), Example 28  (Tax Free Acquisitions of Businesses)
• Reg. 1.367(b)-5(g), Example 1  (Pro-Rata Spin-Off By a CFC)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(g)(3)(v), Example 2  (Outbound 351 Exchange & Spin-Off)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(h)(2)(iv), Example 1  (2003 Outbound 351 Exchange & 2005 Spin-Off)
• Reg. 1.367(e)-1, Example  (Outbound Spin-Off: Gain to "Distributing")
• Temp. Reg. 1.897-5T(c)(3)(ii), Example  (Foreign-to-Foreign Spin-off of USRPHC)
• Temp. Reg. 1.897-6T(a)(7), Example 5  (Outbound Spin-off by USRPHC)
• PLR 200104024  (Domestic Spin-offs of CFCs to 100% Domestic Parent)
• PLR 201336012  (Spin-Off of QSub)

Section 356 Additional Consideration

• Reg. 1.356-1(d), Example 1  (Stock Exchanged for Stock Plus Boot - Gain)
• Reg. 1.356-1(d), Example 2  (Stock Exchanged for Stock Plus Boot - Loss)
• Reg. 1.356-1(d), Example 3  (Boot Allocation in Merger - Terms Not Specified)
• Reg. 1.356-1(d), Example 4  (Boot Allocation in Merger - Terms Specified)
• Reg. 1.356-3(c), Example 1  (Securities Received Treated as "Other Property" (i.e., Boot))
• Reg. 1.356-3(c), Example 2  (Excess Principal Treated as "Other Property" (i.e., Boot))
• Reg. 1.356-3(c), Example 3  (No Boot If No Excess Principal)
• Reg. 1.356-3(c), Example 4  (Excess Principal Treated as "Other Property" (i.e., Boot))
• Reg. 1.356-3(c), Example 5  (Excess Principal Treated as "Other Property" (i.e., Boot))

Section 357 Assumption of Liabilities

• Lessinger  (357(c) & Basis in Taxpayer's Own Note)
• Peracchi  (357(c) & Basis in Taxpayer's Own Note)
• Rev. Rul. 73-257  (Forward Triangular Merger With Liabilities Assumed by Parent & by Subsidiary)
• Rev. Rul. 78-330  (Avoiding Section 357(c) in a D Reorganization)
• Rev. Rul. 2007-8, Situation 1  (351 Exchange / D Reorg Overlap with Liabilities Exceeding Basis)
• Rev. Rul. 2007-8, Situation 2  (351 Exchange / C Reorg Overlap with Liabilities Exceeding Basis)

Section 367 Foreign Corporations

• TBL Licensing LLC  (Gain Recognized on the Transfer of Intangible Property in an Oubound F Reorganization)
• Rev. Rul. 64-155  (Outbound Contribution to Capital)
• Rev. Rul. 67-192  (Section 367 Triggers Gain, but not Loss, in Outbound 351 Transaction)
• Rev. Rul. 89-103  (Stapling of Interests Triggers a Deemed Inbound F Reorganization)
• Notice 2008-10  (Outbound Cash D With a Drop)
• Reg. 1.367(a)-1T(c)(3)(i)(A), Example  (Partnership Outbound 351 Exchange)
• Reg. 1.367(a)-3(b)(2)(ii), Example  (Outbound B Reorganization: CFC to Non-CFC [Sec. 367(a) & (b) Overlap])
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-3T(e)(3), Example  (Outbound Merger Under Section 367(a)(5))
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-3T(e)(3), Example Alternate Facts  (Outbound Merger Under Section 367(a)(5))
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(b)(3)(iv)(D), Example  (Outbound B Reorg, Sec 351 and 721 Exchanges - Basis Adjustments)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(d)(1)(ii), Example  (Outbound 351 & Sale of Transferred)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(e)(3)(iv), Example 1  (Outbound 351 & Domestic F Reorganization)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(e)(3)(iv), Example 1, Alternate Facts  (Outbound 351 & Outbound F Reorganization)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(e)(3)(iv), Example 2  (Outbound 351 Followed by Acquisitive D Reorganization)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(e)(3)(iv), Example 3  (Outbound 351 Followed by C Reorganization)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(e)(6)(ii), Example  (Outbound 351, 332 Liquidation & Disposition of Substantially All Assets)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(f)(1)(iii), Example  (Outbound 351 Exchange Followed by Foreign-to-Foreign 351 With Boot)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(g)(1)(iii), Example  (Outbound 351 Exchange & Partial Dispositions)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(g)(1)(vi), Example 1  (Outbound 351 & Sale of Transferee)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(g)(1)(vi), Example 2  (Outbound of Stock, Outbound of Land and Sale of Transferee)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(g)(3)(v), Example 1  (Outbound 351 Exchange & Inbound 332 Liquidation)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(g)(3)(v), Example 2  (Outbound 351 Exchange & Spin-Off)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(h)(2)(iv), Example 1  (2003 Outbound 351 Exchange & 2005 Spin-Off)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(h)(2)(iv), Example 2  (2003 Outbound 351 & 2005 Foreign-to-Foreign 351)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-9T(e), Example  (367(a) Gain Recognition on Certain Outbound 304 Transactions)
• Reg. 1.367(b)-1(b)(2), Example  (Liquidation into 90% Corporate-Owned Partnership Does Not Qualify Under Sec. 332)
• Reg. 1.367(b)-2(d)(3)(i)(A)(2), Example  (All E&P Amount Defined)
• Reg. 1.367(b)-3(b)(3)(ii), Example 1  (CFC Inbound Section 332 Liquidation With 100% Ownership)
• Reg. 1.367(b)-3(b)(3)(ii), Example 2  (CFC Inbound Section 332 Liquidation With 100% Ownership)
• Reg. 1.367(b)-3(b)(3)(ii), Example 3  (CFC Inbound Section 332 Liquidation With 80% Ownership)
• Reg. 1.367(b)-3(b)(3)(ii), Example 4  (CFC Inbound D Reorganization)
• Reg. 1.367(b)-3(b)(3)(ii), Example 5  (Lower Tier CFC Inbound Merger)
• Reg. 1.367(b)-3(b)(3)(ii), Example 5 (Old)  (Lower Tier CFC Inbound D Reorganization)
• Reg. 1.367(b)-3(c)(5), Example 1  (Inbound C Reorganization: <10% Shareholder - All E&P Election)
• Reg. 1.367(b)-3(c)(5), Example 2  (Inbound C Reorganization: <10% Shareholder - 50K De Minimis Exception)
• Reg. 1.367(b)-4(b)(1)(iii), Example 1  (Foreign-to-Foreign C Reorganization: CFC to Non-CFC)
• Reg. 1.367(b)-4(b)(1)(iii), Example 2  (Foreign-to-Foreign C Reorganization: CFC to CFC)
• Reg. 1.367(b)-4(b)(1)(iii), Example 3  (Foreign-to-Foreign Triangular C Reorganization: Section 367(a) & (b) Overlap)
• Reg. 1.367(b)-4(b)(1)(iii), Example 3A  (Foreign-to-Foreign Reverse Triangular Merger: Section 367(a) & (b) Overlap)
• Reg. 1.367(b)-4(b)(1)(iii), Example 3B  (Foreign-to-Foreign Forward Triangular Merger: Acquiror U.S. Controlled)
• Reg. 1.367(b)-4(b)(1)(iii), Example 4  (Outbound C Reorg Triggers Sec. 1248 Amount Inclusion)
• Reg. 1.367(b)-4(c)(2), Example  (Foreign-to-Foreign B Reorganization: Sec. 1248 Amount Inclusion is Not FPHCI)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(b)-4T(e)(4), Example  (367(b) Inclusion on Certain Outbound 304 Transactions)
• Reg. 1.367(b)-5(g), Example 1  (Pro-Rata Spin-Off By a CFC)
• Temp. Reg. 1.367(b)-14T(b)(4), Example  (Killer Forward Triangular Merger)
• Prop. Reg. 1.367(d)-1(f)(6)(ii)(A), Example 1  (Repatriation of Intangibles Via Section 332 Liquidation)
• Reg. 1.367(e)-1, Example  (Outbound Spin-Off: Gain to "Distributing")
• Reg. 1.367(e)-2(b)(1)(ii)(B)(2), Example  (Outbound 332 Liquidation: Overall Loss Limitation)
• PLR 9533005  (Outbound F Reorganization - Sections 367(a)(5) and 1248(f))
• PLR 200448013  (Outbound 332 Liquidation With 80% Domestic Subsidiary Corporation)
• PLR 200507009  (Sec. 367 - GRA of Stapled Entity Not Triggered in an "Inbound" F Reorganization)
• PLR 200752019  (A Transitory Transfer of Stock Pursuant to a Forward Triangular Merger Was Disregarded)
• TAM 200907024  (Network of Contracts Not Foreign Goodwill in Outbound Transfer)
• PLR 201348011  (Sec. 367(e)(2): Outbound 332 Liquidation With Assets Remaining in U.S. For 10 Years)
• PLR 202335001  (Inbound F Reorganization of 367(d) Intangibles)
• Outbound Forward Triangular Merger With Subsidiaries

• Indirect Stock Transfers - Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3) Examples

• • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 1  (Forward Triangular Merger [40%])
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 1A  (Forward Triangular Merger (40%) Subsidiary in Consol'd Group)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 2  (Reverse Triangular Merger [40%])
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 3  (Forward Triangular Merger [55%])
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 4  (Forward Triangular Merger & GRA Terminated)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 5  (Triangular B Reorganization)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 5A  (Triangular B Reorganization)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 6  (Triangular C Reorganization)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 6A  (Outbound C Reorg with Partial Drop)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 6B  (Outbound C Reorg with Partial Drop)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 6C  (Outbound C Reorg with Partial Drop)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 7  (Triangular C Reorganization with Later 351)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 7A  (Triangular C Reorganization with Later 351)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 8  (Outbound Triangular C Reorg)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 8A  (Outbound Triangular C Reorg)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 8B  (Outbound Triangular C Reorg)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 8C  (Outbound Triangular C Reorg)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 9  (Outbound Triangular C Reorg with Partial Drop)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 10  (Outbound Forward Triangular Merger)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 11  (Outbound Reverse Triangular Merger)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 12  (Triangular C Reorganization)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 13  (Successive 351 Exchanges)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 13A  (Successive 351 Exchanges)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 14  (Triangular C Reorganization)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 14A  (Triangular C Reorganization)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 15  (Forward Triangular Merger)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 16  (Foreign D Reorganization)

Section 368 Corporate Reorganizations

• A Reorganizations (Statutory Merger or Consolidation)

• • A Reorganization
  • A Reorganization with a drop-down
  • Forward Triangular Merger
  • King Enterprises  (Two-step Merger)
  • Norman Scott, Inc.  (Valid Mergers of Insolvent Corporations)
  • Roebling  (Continuity of Interest Applies to Statutory Mergers)
  • Tribune  (Taxable Reverse Triangular Merger)
  • Rev. Rul. 58-93  (A Reorganization With a Drop (But Drop Precedes Merger))
  • Rev. Rul. 59-296  (Upstream Merger of Insolvent Subsidiary is Not a Section 332 Liquidation) Video
  • Rev. Rul. 67-448  (Reverse Triangular Merger Was, in Substance, a B Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 68-261  (Merger with Drops into Multiple Subsidiaries)
  • Rev. Rul. 70-223  (Taxable Stock Acquisition & Downstream Merger)
  • Rev. Rul. 72-327  (Boot in Reorganization, Treated as Dividend, Qualifies for DRD)
  • Rev. Rul. 72-576  (Remote Continuity: Forward Triangular Merger With a Drop)
  • Rev. Rul. 73-257  (Forward Triangular Merger With Liabilities Assumed by Parent & by Subsidiary)
  • Rev. Rul. 74-297  (Merger into Foreign Corporation's Domestic Subsidiary)
  • Rev. Rul. 74-565  (Reverse Triangular Merger Treated as Triangular B Reorg)
  • Rev. Rul. 77-307  (Substantially All Properties in Reverse Triangular Merger)
  • Rev. Rul. 77-428, Situation 1  (Downstream Forward Triangular Merger)
  • Rev. Rul. 77-428, Situation 2  (Upstream Reverse Triangular Merger)
  • Rev. Rul. 78-397  (Forward Triangular Merger: Circular Flow of Cash)
  • Rev. Rul. 79-155  (Reorganization and Changes in Terms of Convertible Securities)
  • Rev. Rul. 79-250  (Two Reorganizations Not Stepped Together As One)
  • Rev. Rul. 84-44  (Forward Triangular Merger Not Part of 351 Exchange)
  • Rev. Rul. 84-104  (Consolidation Treated As Merger In Reverse Triangular Merger)
  • Rev. Rul. 85-197  (Downstream Merger of Holding Company - COBE Requirement)
  • Rev. Rul. 87-110  (368 Reorganization of 50% Partner Terminates Partnership) Video
  • Rev. Rul. 96-29, Situation 2  (Forward Triangular Merger Followed By F Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 2001-24  (Forward Triangular Merger with Drop of Acquiror)
  • Rev. Rul. 2001-25  (Substantially All Properties In Reverse Triangular Merger)
  • Rev. Rul. 2008-25  (Multi-Step Reorganization Was a Qualified Stock Purchase)
  • Reg. 1.356-1(d), Example 3  (Boot Allocation in Merger - Terms Not Specified)
  • Reg. 1.356-1(d), Example 4  (Boot Allocation in Merger - Terms Specified)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 1  (Forward Triangular Merger [40%])
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 1A  (Forward Triangular Merger (40%) Subsidiary in Consol'd Group)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 2  (Reverse Triangular Merger [40%])
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 3  (Forward Triangular Merger [55%])
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 4  (Forward Triangular Merger & GRA Terminated)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 10  (Outbound Forward Triangular Merger)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 11  (Outbound Reverse Triangular Merger)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 15  (Forward Triangular Merger)
  • Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-3T(e)(3), Example  (Outbound Merger Under Section 367(a)(5))
  • Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-3T(e)(3), Example Alternate Facts  (Outbound Merger Under Section 367(a)(5))
  • Reg. 1.367(b)-3(b)(3)(ii), Example 5  (Lower Tier CFC Inbound Merger)
  • Temp. Reg. 1.367(b)-14T(b)(4), Example  (Killer Forward Triangular Merger)
  • PLR 200752019  (A Transitory Transfer of Stock Pursuant to a Forward Triangular Merger Was Disregarded)

  • Reg. 1.368-2(b)(1)(iii) Merger Definition Examples

  • • Reg. 1.368-2(b)(1)(iii), Example 1  (Divisive Merger)
    • Reg. 1.368-2(b)(1)(iii), Example 2  (Merger into Disregarded Entity)
    • Reg. 1.368-2(b)(1)(iii), Example 3  (S Corp with QSub Merger into Disregarded Entity)
    • Reg. 1.368-2(b)(1)(iii), Example 4  (Triangular Merger into Disregarded Entity)
    • Reg. 1.368-2(b)(1)(iii), Example 5  (Merger into Disregarded Entity of a Partnership)
    • Reg. 1.368-2(b)(1)(iii), Example 6  (Merger of a Disregarded Entity into a Corporation)
    • Reg. 1.368-2(b)(1)(iii), Example 7  (Merger of a Corporation into a Disregarded Entity/Partnership)
    • Reg. 1.368-2(b)(1)(iii), Example 8  (Merger Preceded by Sale & Distribution)
    • Reg. 1.368-2(b)(1)(iii), Example 9  (Conversion of Target to an LLC)
    • Reg. 1.368-2(b)(1)(iii), Example 10  (Dissolution of Target)
    • Reg. 1.368-2(b)(1)(iii), Example 11  (Merger of Corporate Partner into a Partnership)
    • Reg. 1.368-2(b)(1)(iii), Example 12  (State Law Consolidation)
    • Reg. 1.368-2(b)(1)(iii), Example 13  (Merger Pursuant to Foreign Statutes)
    • Reg. 1.368-2(b)(1)(iii), Example 14  (Foreign Amalgamation Using Parent Stock)

• B Reorganizations (Stock for Stock)

• • B Reorganization
  • B Reorganization with a drop-down
  • Triangular B Reorganization
  • Foreign-to-Foreign B Reorganization
  • Outbound B Reorganization - 367(a) & 367(b) Overlap
  • Outbound B Reorganization - Domestic Corp Target (Inversion)
  • Inbound B Reorganization - Lower Tier Target
  • Inbound B Reorganization - First Tier Target
  • Chapman  (Creeping B Reorganization - "Acquisition" Solely for Voting Stock)
  • Mills  (B Reorganization: Cash in Lieu of Fractional Shares)
  • Turnbow  (If No Tax Free Reorganization Exists, Then Full Gain Is Recognized in the Exchange)
  • Weikel  (351 Exchange Followed by B Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 54-96  (Contribution & Stock Exchange Not a 351 Exchange Nor a B Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 55-440  (368(c) Control - Preferred Shares Called But Not Yet Surrendered)
  • Rev. Rul. 56-184  (Pre-B Reorganization Cash Dividends)
  • Rev. Rul. 56-613  (Failed B Reorganization - Indirect Control) Video
  • Rev. Rul. 63-234  (Two Step Exchange Did Not Qualify As B Reorganization (Remote Continuity))
  • Rev. Rul. 67-448  (Reverse Triangular Merger Was, in Substance, a B Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 66-112  (B Reorganization with Contingent Consideration)
  • Rev. Rul. 66-365  (Solely for Voting Stock - Cash in Lieu of Fractional Shares)
  • Rev. Rul. 67-274  (B Reorganization plus Target Liquidation equals C Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 68-285  (Dissenting Shareholders Paid Cash via Escrow Account in B Reorg)
  • Rev. Rul. 68-562  (Acquiror's Shareholder Purchased 50% of Target Prior to B Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 69-91  (B Reorganization & Cash Purchase of Convertible Debentures)
  • Rev. Rul. 69-142  (B Reorganization Treated As Separate From Exchange of Debentures)
  • Rev. Rul. 69-294  (Liquidation & Purported B Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 70-41  (B Reorganization with Acquisition of Debentures)
  • Rev. Rul. 70-140  (Purported 351 Followed by B Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 70-269  (B Reorganization: Substitution of Options)
  • Rev. Rul. 70-434  (Spin-Off Followed by Stock-for-Stock Exchange Qualified as a "B" Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 72-354  (Sale of Recently Purchased Stock to Qualify as a B Reorg) Video
  • Rev. Rul. 72-522  (Equity Injection for Working Capital Does Not Disqualify B Reorganization) Video
  • Rev. Rul. 73-16  (Successive Stock-For-Stock Exchanges Treated a "B" and "Triangular B" Reorganizations)
  • Rev. Rul. 73-54  (Acquiror's Payment of reorganization Expenses in a B or C Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 74-564  (Merger of Transitory Entity Treated as B Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 74-565  (Reverse Triangular Merger Treated as Triangular B Reorg)
  • Rev. Rul. 75-33  (Contingent Dividends on Convertible Preferred Stock in a B Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 75-360  (Cash Redemption & Share Acquisition Treated as Busted B Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 75-456  (B Reorg With Contingent Consideration Followed by F Reorg)
  • Rev. Rul. 76-223  (Voting Rights Added to Qualify Exchange as a B Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 78-408  (B Reorganization Treated As Separate From Exchange of Warrants)
  • Rev. Rul. 79-4  (Acquiror Repayment of Debt Guaranteed by Target Shareholder is Boot in Purported B Reorg)
  • Rev. Rul. 79-89  (Acquiror Repayment of Debt Guaranteed by Target Shareholder is Not Boot in B Reorg)
  • Rev. Rul. 98-10  (B Reorganization with Exchange of Securities)
  • Notice 2007-48  (Killer B Transaction)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 5  (Triangular B Reorganization)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 5A  (Triangular B Reorganization)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(b)(2)(ii), Example  (Outbound B Reorganization: CFC to Non-CFC [Sec. 367(a) & (b) Overlap])
  • Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(b)(3)(iv)(D), Example  (Outbound B Reorg, Sec 351 and 721 Exchanges - Basis Adjustments)
  • Reg. 1.367(b)-4(c)(2), Example  (Foreign-to-Foreign B Reorganization: Sec. 1248 Amount Inclusion is Not FPHCI)
  • Temp. Reg. 1.897-6T(a)(7), Example 4  (Inbound B Reorganization of a USRPHC)
  • Reg. 1.1248-8(b)(7), Example 7  (Section 1248 Gain - Sale After B Reorganization)
  • Reg. 1.1361-4(a)(2)(ii), Example 2  (Stock for Stock Exchange & QSub Election)

• C Reorganizations (Stock for Assets)

• • C Reorganization
  • C Reorganization with a drop-down
  • C Reorganization - Boot Relaxation Rule
  • Triangular C Reorganization
  • Foreign-to-Foreign C Reorganization - Lower Tier Target
  • Foreign-to-Foreign C Reorganization - First Tier Target
  • Outbound C Reorganization - No Inversion
  • Inbound C Reorganization - Lower Tier Target
  • Inbound C Reorganization - First Tier Target
  • Bausch & Lomb Inc.  (Upstream C Reorg Not Solely for Voting Stock)
  • Douglas  (Reorganization That Took 5 Years to Complete)
  • Elkhorn Coal  (Spin-Off & Purported C Reorganization of Distributing)
  • Southwest Consolidated  (Warrants are not voting stock / "Solely Leaves no Leeway")
  • Rev. Rul. 56-345  (C Reorganization & Subsequent Redemption Not Integrated Transactions)
  • Rev. Rul. 57-518  (C Reorganization Substantially All of the Properties)
  • Rev. Rul. 64-73  (C Reorganization - Part of Target's Assets Transferred Directly to Acquiror's Grandchild)
  • Rev. Rul. 67-274  (B Reorganization plus Target Liquidation equals C Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 68-357  (Section 351 Exchange Combined with C Reorganizations)
  • Rev. Rul. 68-637  (C Reorganization: Warrants and Options)
  • Rev. Rul. 69-265, Situation 1  (Stock Convertible Into Parent Shares Busted Triangular C Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 69-265, Situation 2  (Stock Convertible Into Parent Shares Okay for Triangular C Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 70-107  (Parent Assumption of Liabilities is Boot in Purported Triangular C Reorg)
  • Rev. Rul. 70-224  (C Reorganization - Assets Transferred Directly to Subsidiary, But Liabilities to Acquiror)
  • Rev. Rul. 70-271, Situation 1  (C Reorg: Gain on Stock Used To Discharge Liabilities)
  • Rev. Rul. 70-271, Situation 2  (C Reorg: Gain on Stock Used To Discharge Liabilities)
  • Rev. Rul. 70-271, Situation 3  (C Reorg: Shareholders Assume Corp Liabilities)
  • Rev. Rul. 72-405  (Forward Triangular Merger & Liquidation of Transitory Subsidiary is a C Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 73-54  (Acquiror's Payment of reorganization Expenses in a B or C Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 73-102  (C Reorg with Cash to Dissenting Shareholders (Boot Relaxation Rule))
  • Rev. Rul. 75-450  (C Reorg: Shareholders Assume Corp Liabilities)
  • Rev. Rul. 76-123  (Section 351 Exchange Combined With C Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 78-47  (Downstream C Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 78-130  (Outbound 351 & Asset Reorg Recast as a Triangular C Reorg)
  • Rev. Rul. 81-32  (Foreign-to-Foreign C Reorg - CFC to Non-CFC: Sec. 1248(b) Lim. Applies to Deemed Div)
  • Rev. Rul. 87-110  (368 Reorganization of 50% Partner Terminates Partnership) Video
  • Rev. Rul. 88-48  ("Sub-All" In C Reorganization With 50% of Assets Sold)
  • Rev. Rul. 2003-79  (Spin-Off & C Reorganization of Controlled)
  • Rev. Rul. 2007-8, Situation 2  (351 Exchange / C Reorg Overlap with Liabilities Exceeding Basis)
  • Rev. Rul. 2008-25  (Multi-Step Reorganization Was a Qualified Stock Purchase)
  • Rev. Rul. 2015-9  (Outbound 351 & Asset Reorg - Form Respected (No Longer Recast as a Triangular C Reorg))
  • Reg. 1.368-2(d)(4)(ii), Example 1  (Repeal of Bausch & Lomb Doctrine: Upstream C Reorg)
  • Reg. 1.368-2(d)(4)(ii), Example 2  (Failed Upstream C Reorganization)
  • Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(e)(3)(iv), Example 3  (Outbound 351 Followed by C Reorganization)
  • Reg. 1.367(b)-3(c)(5), Example 1  (Inbound C Reorganization: <10% Shareholder - All E&P Election)
  • Reg. 1.367(b)-3(c)(5), Example 2  (Inbound C Reorganization: <10% Shareholder - 50K De Minimis Exception)
  • Reg. 1.367(b)-4(b)(1)(iii), Example 1  (Foreign-to-Foreign C Reorganization: CFC to Non-CFC)
  • Reg. 1.367(b)-4(b)(1)(iii), Example 2  (Foreign-to-Foreign C Reorganization: CFC to CFC)
  • Reg. 1.367(b)-4(b)(1)(iii), Example 4  (Outbound C Reorg Triggers Sec. 1248 Amount Inclusion)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 6  (Triangular C Reorganization)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 6A  (Outbound C Reorg with Partial Drop)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 6B  (Outbound C Reorg with Partial Drop)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 6C  (Outbound C Reorg with Partial Drop)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 7  (Triangular C Reorganization with Later 351)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 7A  (Triangular C Reorganization with Later 351)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 8  (Outbound Triangular C Reorg)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 8A  (Outbound Triangular C Reorg)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 8B  (Outbound Triangular C Reorg)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 8C  (Outbound Triangular C Reorg)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 9  (Outbound Triangular C Reorg with Partial Drop)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 12  (Triangular C Reorganization)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 14  (Triangular C Reorganization)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 14A  (Triangular C Reorganization)
  • Reg. 1.1248-8(b)(7), Example 4  (Section 1248 Gain - Sale After Foreign to Foreign C Reorganization)
  • Reg. 1.1248-8(b)(7), Example 5  (Section 1248 Gain - Sale After Triangular C Reorganization)
  • Reg. 1.1248-8(b)(7), Example 6  (Section 1248 Gain - Sale After Triangular C Reorganization)
  • Reg. 1.1248-8(b)(7), Example 8  (Section 1248 Gain - Sale After Upstream C Reorganization)
  • Reg. 1.1361-4(a)(2)(ii), Example 2  (Stock for Stock Exchange & QSub Election)
  • PLR 200952032  (Divisive C Reorganization)

• D Reorganizations (Asset Transfer & Control) (Acquisitive)

• • D Reorganization (acquisitive - i.e., not a 355 type transaction)
  • D Reorganization with a drop-down
  • American Manufacturing  (Outbound D Reorganization)
  • Atlas Tool  (D Reorganization with Boot)
  • Davant  (D / F Reorganization with Strawman)
  • Douglas  (Reorganization That Took 5 Years to Complete)
  • James Armour, Inc.  (Intercompany Sale of Assets & Liquidation was a D Reorganization)
  • Morgan  (Liquidation - Reincorporation -- Meaningless Gesture)
  • Smothers  (Liquidation - Reincorporation / D Reorganization with Boot)
  • Warsaw Photographic Associates, Inc.  (Purported D Reorg: No Meaningless Gesture if No Identity of Shareholders)
  • Yoc Heating  (85% Stock Purchase Followed By Taxable Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 57-465  (Downstream Merger of Foreign Corporation was a D Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 67-202  (Contribution & Liquidation Was An Asset Reorganization & Section 269 Did Not Apply)
  • Rev. Rul. 70-240  (Asset Sale & Liquidation Treated as D Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 74-387  (Section 902 Deemed Paid Credits in D Reorganization With Boot)
  • Rev. Rul. 75-161  (D Reorganization with Liabilities Exceeding Basis)
  • Rev. Rul. 75-383  (Inbound D Reorganization) Video
  • Rev. Rul. 78-130  (Outbound 351 & Asset Reorg Recast as a Triangular C Reorg)
  • Rev. Rul. 78-330  (Avoiding Section 357(c) in a D Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 79-289  (D & F Reorganization with Liabilities Exceeding Basis)
  • Rev. Rul. 87-110  (368 Reorganization of 50% Partner Terminates Partnership) Video
  • Rev. Rul. 2002-85  (D Reorganization with a Drop)
  • Rev. Rul. 2004-83  (Related Stock Purch. & Liquidation Treated as D Reorganization) Video
  • Rev. Rul. 2007-8, Situation 1  (351 Exchange / D Reorg Overlap with Liabilities Exceeding Basis)
  • Notice 2008-10  (Outbound Cash D With a Drop)
  • Rev. Rul. 2015-10  (Triple Drop and Check - Two 351s Followed by a D Reorg)
  • Reg. 1.367(a)-3(d)(3), Example 16  (Foreign D Reorganization)
  • Reg. 1.367(b)-3(b)(3)(ii), Example 4  (CFC Inbound D Reorganization)
  • Reg. 1.367(b)-3(b)(3)(ii), Example 5 (Old)  (Lower Tier CFC Inbound D Reorganization)
  • Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(e)(3)(iv), Example 2  (Outbound 351 Followed by Acquisitive D Reorganization)
  • Reg. 1.368-2(l)(3), Example 1  (Cash D Reorganization)
  • Reg. 1.368-2(l)(3), Example 2  (Cash D Reorganization [Related Shareholders])
  • Reg. 1.368-2(l)(3), Example 3  (Cash D Reorganization [Affiliated Group])
  • Reg. 1.368-2(l)(3), Example 4  (Cash D Reorganization [De Minimis Ownership])
  • Reg. 1.368-2(l)(3), Example 5  (Cash D Reorganization ["Vanilla" Preferred Stock])
  • Reg. 1.368-2(l)(3), Example 6  (Failed Cash D Reorganization [No Shareholder Identity])
  • Temp. Reg. 1.897-5T(c)(4)(iv), Example 1  (Inbound D Reorganization: USRPI - Statutory Exception)
  • Temp. Reg. 1.897-5T(c)(4)(iv), Example 2  (Inbound D Reorganization: USRPI - Statutory Exception)
  • Temp. Reg. 1.897-5T(c)(4)(iv), Example 3  (Inbound D Reorganization: USRPI - Regulatory Limitation)
  • Temp. Reg. 1.897-5T(c)(4)(iv), Example 4  (Inbound D Reorganization: USRPI - 897(i) Election)
  • Reg. 1.1361-4(a)(2)(ii), Example 3  (Contribution & QSub Election - Drop & Check)

• E Reorganizations (Recapitalization)

• • Neustadt's Trust et. al  (Recapitalization: Non-Taxable Exchange of Bonds for Bonds)
  • Rev. Rul. 56-117  (Recapitalization Preceding Split-Off)
  • Rev. Rul. 56-654  (Corporate Charter Amendment Deemed a Recapitalization)
  • Rev. Rul. 69-135  (Conversion of Bonds of One Corp Into Stock of Another Corp)
  • Rev. Rul. 69-407  (Pre-Spin Recapitalization)
  • Rev. Rul. 72-57  (Reverse Stock Split Was A Recapitalization) Video
  • Rev. Rul. 72-265  (No Gain / Loss on Conversion of Convertible Debenture)
  • Rev. Rul. 74-269  (Recapitalization of Common For Preferred)
  • Rev. Rul. 77-479  (Recapitalization Prior to IPO)
  • Rev. Rul. 86-25  (Recapitalization - Exchange of Common for Common & Preferred)

• F Reorganizations

• • Davant  (D / F Reorganization with Strawman)
  • TBL Licensing LLC  (Gain Recognized on the Transfer of Intangible Property in an Oubound F Reorganization)
  • Yoc Heating  (85% Stock Purchase Followed By Taxable Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 58-422  (Merger of Parent and its Subsidiaries into Single NewCo is an "F" Reorg & Two 332 Liquidations)
  • Rev. Rul. 64-250  ("F" Reorganization Did Not Terminate S Corp Election)
  • Rev. Rul. 66-171  (Corporate Name Change Is A Section 1036 Exchange)
  • Rev. Rul. 67-376  (Conversion of Corp to Trust Classified as a Corp (F Reorg))
  • Rev. Rul. 68-349  (Failed 351 Exchange - Lack of Control / Included an F Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 69-413  (Parent of Acquiror Not A Party to A Purported F Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 72-420  (Conversion from N.V. to B.V. Is A Section 1036 Exchange) Video
  • Rev. Rul. 75-456  (B Reorg With Contingent Consideration Followed by F Reorg)
  • Rev. Rul. 79-150  (Conversion of Brazilian "S.A." to "Limitada") Video
  • Rev. Rul. 79-289  (D & F Reorganization with Liabilities Exceeding Basis)
  • Rev. Rul. 88-25  (Domestication is an F Reorganization) Video
  • Rev. Rul. 89-103  (Stapling of Interests Triggers a Deemed Inbound F Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 96-29, Situation 1  (F Reorganization Followed By IPO)
  • Rev. Rul. 96-29, Situation 2  (Forward Triangular Merger Followed By F Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 2004-85  ("F" Reorganization of an S Corp Did Not Terminate QSub Election of Subsidiary) Video
  • Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(e)(3)(iv), Example 1  (Outbound 351 & Domestic F Reorganization)
  • Temp. Reg. 1.367(a)-8T(e)(3)(iv), Example 1, Alternate Facts  (Outbound 351 & Outbound F Reorganization)
  • Reg. 1.1361-5(b)(3), Example 8  ("F" Reorganization Upon S Corp Merger into its QSub)
  • PLR 9533005  (Outbound F Reorganization - Sections 367(a)(5) and 1248(f))
  • PLR 200335019  (Conversion of Corp to LP and Election to Treat LP as Corp)
  • PLR 200507009  (Sec. 367 - GRA of Stapled Entity Not Triggered in an "Inbound" F Reorganization)
  • PLR 200803005  (Inbound F Reorganization With U.S. Branch & USRPIs)
  • PLR 201007043  (Downstream "F" Reorganization of S Corp into QSub) Video
  • PLR 201122002  (Migration, "Uncheck" of DE & Downstream Merger into DE Treated as F Reorganization)
  • PLR 201115016  (Create QSub Via F Reorganization and Sale of QSub)
  • PLR 201328003  (Deemed Distribution & Contribution with Circular Flow of Cash (Plus "F" Reorganization))
  • PLR 201432002  (No Inversion as a Result of an F Reorganization & an IPO)
  • PLR 202335001  (Inbound F Reorganization of 367(d) Intangibles)

• Continuity of Interest

• • Bashford  (Remote Continuity of Interest)
  • Clark  (Boot Treated as Received in Hypothetical Redemption)
  • Groman  (Remote Continuity of Interest)
  • LeTulle v. Scofield  (No Continuity of Interest With Only the Receipt of Cash & Bonds)
  • McDonald's Restaurants  (Post-Merger Continuity of Interest)
  • John A. Nelson Co.  (Continuity of Interest: 38.5% of Non-Voting Preferred Stock)
  • Pinellas Ice  (Short-Term Notes Not Treated As Securities - No Continuity of Interest)
  • Roebling  (Continuity of Interest Applies to Statutory Mergers)
  • J.E. Seagram  (Pre-Acquisition Continuity of Interest in Multi-Step Forward Triangular Merger)
  • Yoc Heating  (85% Stock Purchase Followed By Taxable Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 66-224  (Continuity of Interest with Different Consideration to Different Shareholders)
  • Rev. Rul. 69-6  (No COI for Merger of Stock S&L into Non-Stock S&L)
  • Rev. Rul. 72-576  (Remote Continuity: Forward Triangular Merger With a Drop)
  • Rev. Rul. 99-58  (Continuity of Interest With Stock Repurchases)
  • Rev. Rul. 2001-26, Situation 1  (Two Step Reverse Triangular Merger)

• Continuity of Business Enterprise ("COBE")

• • Rev. Rul. 63-29  (COBE: Acquiror Pre-Reorg Sale of its Assets for Cash)
  • Rev. Rul. 81-92  (No COBE for All Cash Target in Purported B Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 81-247, Situation 1  (COBE - Merger With a Drop of All Assets)
  • Rev. Rul. 81-247, Situation 2  (COBE - Merger With a Drop of Some Assets)
  • Rev. Rul. 85-197  (Downstream Merger of Holding Company - COBE Requirement)
  • Rev. Rul. 85-198  (COBE - Merger of Bank Holding Companies)
  • Rev. Rul. 87-76  (COBE for an Investment Company)
  • Reg. 1.368-1(d)(5), Example 1  (COBE - - One of Three Lines of Business Continued)
  • Reg. 1.368-1(e)(8), Example 10  (Creditor COI in Insolvency Reorganization)

• International

• • American Manufacturing  (Outbound D Reorganization)
  • Rev. Rul. 74-297  (Merger into Foreign Corporation's Domestic Subsidiary)
  • Rev. Rul. 74-598  (Ownership Attribution - Reg. 1.1502-34 & Section 332)
  • Rev. Rul. 75-383  (Inbound D Reorganization) Video
  • Rev. Rul. 83-142  (Circular Flow of Cash in Foreign Spin-Off)
  • Rev. Rul. 88-25  (Domestication is an F Reorganization) Video
  • Rev. Rul. 89-101  (355 Spin-Off To Reduce Foreign Withholding Taxes) Video
  • Notice 2005-74, Example 1  (Tax Free Reorganization Impact on Gain Recognition Agreement - Transferor)
  • Notice 2005-74, Example 2  (Tax Free Reorganization Impact on Gain Recognition Agreement - Transferee)
  • Notice 2005-74, Example 3  (Tax Free Reorganization Impact on Gain Recognition Agreement - Transferred)
  • Notice 2006-85  (Purchase of Parent Stock in Triangular Reorganizations Involving Foreign Corporations)

Section 453 Installment Sales

• Rev. Rul. 67-70  (Transfer of an Installment Note to a Grantor Trust Was Not a Disposition)
• Rev. Rul. 67-167  (Transfer of an Installment Note to a Nongrantor Trust Was a Disposition)
• Rev. Rul. 73-157, Situation 1  (Installment Sale Method Not Available When Sold Thru Son As Conduit)
• Rev. Rul. 73-157, Situation 2  (Installment Sale Method Not Available When Sold Thru Corp As Conduit)
• Rev. Rul. 74-613  (Transfer of an Installment Note to a Grantor Trust Was Not a Disposition)
• Rev. Rul. 79-371  (Gift of Installment Note Triggered Gain)
• Prop. Reg. 1.453-1(f)(2)(iv), Example 1  (Installment Obligation Received in Forward Triangular Merger)

Section 482 Transfer Pricing

• 3M Company  (IRS Could Not Reallocate Income (Royalties) That Could Not Be Received)
• Central de Gas de Chihuahua  (482 Adjustment Creates Deemed Payment and Tax Under Section 881)
• Rev. Rul. 2003-96  (Nonapplication of Section 482 to Lease Stripping Transaction)

Sections 641 - 684 Trusts

• Rev. Rul. 68-183  (Sale to Trust Treated as Contribution to Trust)
• Rev. Rul. 81-6  (Child Beneficiary Treated as Part Owner of Trust Under Sec. 678)
• Rev. Rul. 85-13  (Grantor Trust Not Treated as Separate Entity)
• Rev. Rul. 85-45  (Beneficiary/Owner of Grantor Trust Qualifies for Section 121 Exclusion)
• Rev. Rul. 85-60  (Foreign "Simple" Trust as a Partner in a U.S. Partnership)
• Rev. Rul. 91-6  (Accumulated Distribution After Domestication of Foreign Trust)
• Rev. Rul. 2007-13, Situation 1  (Sale of Life Insurance Contract Between Two Grantor Trusts)
• Rev. Rul. 2007-13, Situation 2  (Sale of Life Insurance Contract From Non-Grantor Trust to Grantor Trust)

• Section 643(h) Trust Distributions Thru Intermediaries

• • Reg. 1.643(h)-1(g), Example 1  (Distribution Thru Intermediary With Tax Avoidance Purpose)
  • Reg. 1.643(h)-1(g), Example 2  (Presumed Tax Avoidance Purpose With Related Intermediary)
  • Reg. 1.643(h)-1(g), Example 3  (Tax Avoidance Presumption Rebutted With Related Intermediary)
  • Reg. 1.643(h)-1(g), Example 4  (Distribution Thru Intermediary With Tax Avoidance Purpose)
  • Reg. 1.643(h)-1(g), Example 5  (Presumed Tax Avoidance Purpose With Related Intermediary)
  • Reg. 1.643(h)-1(g), Example 6  (Indirect Loan from Foreign Trust)
  • Reg. 1.643(h)-1(g), Example 7  (Tax Avoidance Presumption Rebutted With Related Intermediary)
  • Reg. 1.643(h)-1(g), Example 8  (Intermediary As Agent of Trust; Increase in FMV)
  • Reg. 1.643(h)-1(g), Example 9  (Intermediary As Agent of U.S. Person; Increase in FMV)
  • Reg. 1.643(h)-1(g), Example 10  (Intermediary As Agent of Trust; Decrease in FMV)
  • Reg. 1.643(h)-1(g), Example 11  (Intermediary As Agent of U.S. Person; Decrease in FMV)

• Section 672(f) Foreing Persons Not Treated as Owners

• • Reg. 1.672(f)-1(b), Example  (Foreign Person Not Treated As Owner of Trust)

• Section 673 Reversionary Interests

• • Rev. Rul. 67-70  (Transfer of an Installment Note to a Grantor Trust Was Not a Disposition)
  • Rev. Rul. 67-167  (Transfer of an Installment Note to a Nongrantor Trust Was a Disposition)

• Section 674 Power to Control Beneficial Enjoyment

• • Buck  (Pre-1954 Code: Grantor Trust Due to Retained Sprinkle Power)
  • Carson  (Grantor Held Power to Sprinkle Income Among Beneficiaries)
  • Reg. 1.674(b)-1(b)(5)(iii), Example 1  (Grantor Holds Power to Distribute Corpus, Limited By a Reasonably Definite Standard)
  • Reg. 1.674(b)-1(b)(5)(iii), Example 2  (Grantor Holds Power to Distribute Corpus, Not Limited By a Reasonably Definite Standard)
  • Reg. 1.674(b)-1(b)(5)(iii), Example 3  (Grantor Holds Power to Distribute Corpus to Current Income Beneficiaries)
  • PLR 200247013  (Trust with Only Adverse Parties on the Distribution Committee Was Not a Grantor Trust)

• Section 676 Power to Revoke

• • Rev. Rul. 74-613  (Transfer of an Installment Note to a Grantor Trust Was Not a Disposition)

• Section 679 Foreign Trusts With U.S. Beneficiaries

• • Reg. 1.679-3(b)(2), Example  (Domestic Grantor Trust Transfer to Foreign Trust)
  • Reg. 1.679-3(c)(5), Example 1  (Intermediary Transfer to Foreign Trust)
  • Reg. 1.679-3(c)(5), Example 2  (Delayed Intermediary Transfer to Foreign Trust)
  • Reg. 1.679-3(c)(5), Example 3  (Indirect Loan to Foreign Trust)
  • Reg. 1.679-3(c)(5), Example 4  (Indirect Loan to Foreign Trust)
  • Reg. 1.679-3(d)(2), Example 1  (Constructive Transfer to Foreign Trust: Debt Payment)
  • Reg. 1.679-3(d)(2), Example 2  (Constructive Transfer to Foreign Trust: Liability Assumption)
  • Reg. 1.679-3(e)(5), Example 1  (Deemed Transfer to a Foreign Trust: Guarantee of Loan)
  • Reg. 1.679-3(e)(5), Example 2  (Deemed Transfer to a Foreign Trust: Guarantee of U.S. Lender's Loan)
  • Reg. 1.679-3(f)(2), Example 1  (Deemed Transfers Thru a Foreign Grantor Trust with U.S. Beneficiaries)
  • Reg. 1.679-3(f)(2), Example 2  (Deemed Transfers Thru a Foreign Non-Grantor Trust with Foreign Beneficiaries)
  • Reg. 1.679-3(f)(2), Example 3  (No Deemed Transfer Thru Foreign Trust)
  • Reg. 1.679-4(b)(2)(ii), Example  (Transfer of Property to Foreign Trust for Partial Consideration)
  • Reg. 1.679-4(d)(7), Example 1  (Demand Note Is Not a Qualified Obligation)
  • Reg. 1.679-4(d)(7), Example 2  (Private Annuity for Life Is Not a Qualified Obligation)
  • Reg. 1.679-4(d)(7), Example 3  (Loan From Unrelated Party to a Foreign Trust Meets FMV Exception)
  • Reg. 1.679-4(d)(7), Example 4  (Transfer of Property to Foreign Trust for 10 year Term Obligation)
  • Reg. 1.679-4(d)(7), Example 5  (Transfer of Property to Foreign Trust for 3 Year Term Obligation)
  • Reg. 1.679-5(c), Example 1  (Pre-Immigration Trust - NRA Becomes Resident Alien)
  • Reg. 1.679-5(c), Example 2  (Pre-Immigration Trust - NRA Loses Power to Revest & Then Becomes RA)
  • Reg. 1.679-6(c), Example  (Outbound Migration of Domestic Trust)

• Section 684 Gain on Transfers to Foreign Trusts & Estates

• • Reg. 1.684-1(d), Example 1  (Gain on Transfer of Property to Non-Grantor Foreign Trust)
  • Reg. 1.684-1(d), Example 2  (Gain (But Not Loss) on Transfers to Non-Grantor Foreign Trust)
  • Reg. 1.684-1(d), Example 3  (Gain on Transfer to Non-Grantor Foreign Trust for Partial Consideration)
  • Reg. 1.684-1(d), Example 4  (Gain on Transfer to Non-Grantor Foreign Trust for Private Annuity)
  • Reg. 1.684-1(d), Example 5  (Gain on Transfer to Related Non-Grantor Foreign Trust for Qualified Obligation)

Sections 701 - 776 Partnerships / Subchapter K

• Allison  ("Joint Venture" Was Not a Partnership)
• Armstrong v. Phinney  (Partner Can Be Considered An Employee of the Partnership for the Convenience of Employer Rule)
• Basye  (Partnership Attempt to Deflect Compensation to Retirement Plan)
• Canal Corp.  (Disguised Sale to Partnership Under Section 707(a)(2)(B)
• Chisholm  (Transfer to Partnership and Partnership Sale - Form Respected)
• Culbertson  (Family Partnership)
• Forsythe  (Special Allocation Allowed Only to the Extent of EROL)
• Jade Trading LLC  (Son of BOSS - Currency Spread Transaction)
• Madison Gas & Electric Co.  (Tenancy-In-Common of Nuclear Power Plant was a Partnership)
• PICCIRC, LLC  (Disguised Sale and Sham Partnerships)
• Podell  (Real Estate Joint Venture Was A Partnership)
• Rev. Rul. 68-79  (Gain Flowing to Partner Was Long-Term, Even Though Holding Period For Partnership Interest Was Less Than 6 Months)
• Rev. Rul. 68-289  (Merger of Partnerships: Deemed Transactions (Assets-Over Form))
• Rev. Rul. 70-253  (Payment of Compensation by a Partner to Partnership Employee Deductible under 162(a)) Video
• Rev. Rul. 71-141  (Deemed Paid Foreign Tax Credits Through A Partnership) Video
• Rev. Rul. 72-135  (Nonrecourse Loans Recharacterized as Contributions to Capital)
• Rev. Rul. 72-350  (Equity Advance Creates No Partner Debt Basis)
• Rev. Rul. 75-374  (Co-Ownership Not a Partnership With Only Customary Services For Maintenance & Repair)
• Rev. Rul. 77-332  (Principals of CPA Firm Treated as Partners)
• Rev. Rul. 83-156  (351 Followed by 721)
• Rev. Rul. 84-111, Situation 1  (Partnership Conversion to Corporation: Assets Down & Stock Up) Video
• Rev. Rul. 84-111, Situation 2  (Partnership Conversion to Corporation: Assets Up & Assets Down) Video
• Rev. Rul. 84-111, Situation 3  (Partnership Conversion to Corporation: Partnership Interests Down) Video
• Rev. Rul. 86-73  (Effect of 754 Election on Technical Termination of Partnership)
• Rev. Rul. 86-138  (Separate Statement of Items for Tiered Partnerships) Video
• Rev. Rul. 90-112  (Investment in U.S. Property Through Partnership) Video
• Rev. Rul. 91-32, Situation 1  (Nonres. Partner Disposed of P'ship Engaged in a Trade or Business in the U.S.)
• Rev. Rul. 99-5, Situation 1  (Disregarded Entity to Partnership - Sale) Video
• Rev. Rul. 99-5, Situation 2  (Disregarded Entity to Partnership - Contribution) Video
• Rev. Rul. 99-6, Situation 1  (Partnership to Disregarded Entity - Member Purchase) Video
• Rev. Rul. 99-6, Situation 2  (Partnership to Disregarded Entity - Third Party Purchase) Video
• Rev. Rul. 2004-59  (Partnership Conversion to Corporation - Contribution Followed by Distribution) Video
• Rev. Rul. 2007-40  (Guaranteed Payment Obligation Satisfied With Property Triggers Gain/Loss)
• Rev. Rul. 2007-42, Situation 2  (Failed Spin-Off - 20% Interest in Partnership) Video
• Rev. Rul. 2008-39  (Upper-Tier Partnership Sec. 212 Expenses Must be Separately Stated)
• Reg. 1.367(b)-1(b)(2), Example  (Liquidation into 90% Corporate-Owned Partnership Does Not Qualify Under Sec. 332)
• Reg. 1.368-2(b)(1)(iii), Example 5  (Merger into Disregarded Entity of a Partnership)
• Reg. 1.368-2(b)(1)(iii), Example 7  (Merger of a Corporation into a Disregarded Entity/Partnership)
• Reg. 1.368-2(b)(1)(iii), Example 11  (Merger of Corporate Partner into a Partnership)
• Reg. 1.701-2(d), Example 1  (Avoidance of Entity-Level Tax)
• Reg. 1.701-2(d), Example 2  (Avoidance of S Corp Shareholder Requirements)
• Reg. 1.701-2(d), Example 3  (Check-the-Box Planning to Get 901 Credits and to Avoid 10/50 Basket) Video
• Reg. 1.701-2(d), Example 4  (Avoidance of Gain Recognition Under Sections 351(e) and 357(c))
• Reg. 1.704-3(b)(2), Example 1  (Traditional Method of Making 704(c) Allocations)
• Reg. 1.704-3(c)(4), Example 1  (Traditional Method with Curative Allocations for Making 704(c) Allocations)
• Reg. 1.707-1(c), Example 1  (Fixed Guaranteed Payment For Services)
• Reg. 1.707-1(c), Example 2  (Minimum Allocation of Partnership Income as Guaranteed Payment)
• Reg. 1.707-1(c), Example 3  (Fixed Guaranteed Payment & 30% of Loss)
• Reg. 1.707-1(c), Example 4  (Fixed Guaranteed Payment & Capital Gains)
• Reg. 1.708-1(c)(5), Example 1  (Tax Returns for Merged Partnerships)
• Reg. 1.708-1(c)(5), Example 2  ("Assets-Over" Partnership Merger (Deemed Steps Differed From Actual Steps))
• Reg. 1.708-1(c)(5), Example 3  ("Assets-Up" Partnership Merger (Form Respected))
• Reg. 1.708-1(c)(5), Example 4  (Interests-Over Form of Partnership Merger Treated As Assets-Over Form)
• Reg. 1.722-1, Example 1  (Basis of Contributing Partner's Interest With Liabilities Assumed)
• Reg. 1.722-1, Example 2  (Gain on Contribution Into Partnership With Liabilities Assumed)
• Reg. 1.736-1(b)(7), Example 1  (Retiring Partner, Fixed Amount, No Payment for Goodwill)
• Reg. 1.736-1(b)(7), Example 2  (Retiring Partner, Variable Amount, No Payment for Goodwill)
• Reg. 1.736-1(b)(7), Example 3  (Retiring Partner, Fixed Amount, & Payment for Goodwill)
• Reg. 1.736-1(b)(7), Example 4  (Retiring Partner, Fixed Amount, No Payment for Goodwill, 1245 Property)
• Reg. 1.954-3(a)(6)(ii), Example  (Manufacturing by Partnership Attributed to Partner)
• Reg. 1.1032-3(e), Example 3  (Partnership Exchange of Grandparent Stock for a Truck)
• Reg. 1.1295-1(d)(2)(i), Example  (Who Makes QEF Elections When Partnerships Own PFICs?)
• PLR 199914006  (LLC With 2 Members Treated As A Disregarded Entity)
• PLR 200832024  (No 956 Inclusion For Foreign Partnership With U.S. Assets)
• 957 U.S. Partnership vs. Foreign Partnership (CFC vs. Non-CFC)

Section 861 Source of Income

• Aptargroup, Inc.  (U.S. Shareholder Must Characterize Stock of a CFC Under a Consistency Rule)
• Boulez  (Payments for Personal Services or for Royalties?)
• British Timken Ltd.  (Sales Commissions Sourced to Location of Sales Activities)
• Goosen  (Golfer Endorsement Fees: Part Royalties & Part Services, Part U.S. Source & Part Foreign Source)
• Hawaiian Philippine Co.  (Processed Sugar Payment In-kind for Manufacturing Services)
• Miller  (No Look-Thru for Sourcing of Back to Back Services Payments)
• Rev. Rul. 60-55  (Sales Commissions Sourced to Location of Sales Activities)
• Rev. Rul. 68-443  (Foreign Trademark Royalties Are Foreign Source Income)
• Rev. Rul. 72-232  (Book Royalties to an NRA Were Not U.S. Source Income)
• Notice 2006-76, Example 2  (Software as a Service ("SaaS") Income Was Foreign Source Income)
• Rev. Rul. 2009-14, Situation 3  (Death Benefits Paid to Foreign Corporation Were U.S. Source FDAP)
• Reg. 1.861-4(b)(1)(ii), Example  (Compensation For Services Sourced Based on Payroll Costs)
• Reg. 1.861-13(a)(1)(i)(A)  (Ten Statutory Groupings for Characterizing CFC Stock)
• Reg. 1.861-13(c)(1), Example 1  (Characterization of CFC Stock: Asset Method With Two CFCs)
• Reg. 1.861-13(c)(2), Example 2  (Characterization of CFC Stock: Asset Method With One CFC & One 10/50 Corporation)
• Reg. 1.861-13(c)(3), Example 3  (Characterization of CFC Stock: Modified Gross Income Method With Two CFCs)
• Reg. 1.861-18(h), Example 1  (Shrink-Wrap License Sold on Disk Treated as Copyrighted Article)
• Reg. 1.861-18(h), Example 2  (Shrink-Wrap License Sold Over Internet Treated as Copyrighted Article)
• Reg. 1.861-18(h), Example 3  (Use of Computer Disk for 1 Week Treated as Lease of Copyrighted Article)
• Reg. 1.861-18(h), Example 4  (Use of Computer Program Downloaded Over Internet Treated as Lease of Copyrighted Article)
• Reg. 1.861-18(h), Example 5  ("License" For 3 Annual Payments Treated as Sale of Copyright Rights)
• Prop. Reg. 1.861-18(h), Example 19  (E-Book Downloads Are Sales (e.g., Amazon))
• Prop. Reg. 1.861-18(h), Example 20  (Non-Perpetual Right to Downloaded Songs Are Leases)
• Prop. Reg. 1.861-18(h), Example 21  (Movie Streaming is a Cloud Transaction, Movie Downloading is a Lease or a Sale)
• Prop. Reg. 1.861-19(d), Example 1  (Supplying Computing Capacity: Provision of Services)
• Prop. Reg. 1.861-19(d), Example 2  (Supplying Computing Capacity on Dedicated Servers: Provision of Services)
• Prop. Reg. 1.861-19(d), Example 5  (Downloaded Software Not a Cloud Transaction)
• Prop. Reg. 1.861-19(d), Example 6  (Online Word Processing, Etc. Via Browser or App: Provision of Services)
• Prop. Reg. 1.861-19(d), Example 7  (Downloaded Word Processing, Etc.: Lease of Copyrighted Article (e.g., Office 365))
• Reg. 1.863-7(d), Example  (Source of Notional Principal Contract Income)
• PLR 9142032  (Gain on Sale of Foreign Partnership Was Attributed to a Foreign Office For 865 Sourcing Rule If 10% Foreign Tax Paid)
• PLR 9612017  (Gain on Sale of S Corporations Was Foreign Source Income)
• PLR 200620016  (Breach of Contract Payments Were Foreign Source Income Under the Origin of the Claim Doctrine) Video
• AM 2024-005, Situation 1  (Sale of S Corp Shares Two Years After Moving to Puerto Rico)
• AM 2024-005, Situation 2  (S Corp Sells Appreciated Stock Two Years After Shareholder Moves to Puerto Rico)
• 861-865 Classification of Transactions
• Cheat Sheet: 1.861-9 and 9T  (Partnership Interest Expense Allocation Rules for Individuals)
• Reg. 1.861-9 and -9T  (Interest Expense Allocation Example With An Individual Owning Partnerships)

Section 864 U.S. Trade or Business / Permanent Establishment

• Adda  (Trading Commodities Thru An Agent in the U.S.)
• Amalgamated Dental Co. Ltd.  (Purchaser-Seller Relationship Did Not Cause Purch'r to be Engaged in a U.S. Trade or Business)
• De Amodio  (U.S. Rental Properties Were A U.S. Trade or Business but not a Permanent Establishment)
• Balanovski  (Argentine Partnership Engaged in U.S. Trade or Business)
• Donroy  (Foreign Limited Partner In U.S. Limited Partnership - Permanent Establishment)
• European Naval Stores Co.  (Foreign Corporation Not Engaged in U.S. Trade or Business)
• Goosen  (Golfer Endorsement Fees: Part Royalties & Part Services, Part U.S. Source & Part Foreign Source)
• Grecian Magnesite Mining  (Foreign Partner's Gain on Sale of U.S. Partnership Interest Not Effectively Connected Income)
• Handfield  (Canadian Manufacturer Had a Permanent Establishment in the U.S.)
• Hawaiian Philippine Co.  (Processed Sugar Payment In-kind for Manufacturing Services)
• Inverworld  (Cayman Island Company Was Engaged in a U.S. Trade or Business and Had U.S. ECI)
• Johnston  (Nonresident Alien Member of Partnership Which is Engaged In A U.S. Trade or Business)
• Lewenhaupt  (Swedish Count Engaged in U.S. Real Estate Business)
• Linen Thread Co.  (Two U.S. Sales Did Not Create U.S. Trade or Business)
• Pasquel  (Isolated U.S. Loan Did Not Cause NRA To Be Engaged in U.S. Trade or Business)
• Pinchot  (U.K. Citizen Engaged in U.S. Real Estate Business)
• The Scottish American Investment Co., Ltd.  (Investment Activities Did Not Rise to Level of U.S. Trade or Bus.)
• Spermacet Whaling  (Whaling Expedition Was Not Engaged in a U.S. Trade or Business)
• Taisei Fire  (U.S. Agent of Japanese Insurance Companies was an Independent Agent)
• Unger  (Foreign Limited Partner in U.S. Partnership had U.S. Permanent Establishment)
• Vitale  (Partner in Limited Partnership Engaged in U.S. Trade or Business)
• Rev. Rul. 72-418  (U.S. Office of German Bank Was Not A Permanent Establishment)
• Rev. Rul. 70-424  (Domestic Corp is Foreign Corp's Agent)
• Rev. Rul. 76-19  (Canadian Corp's Employees Working In the U.S. For 12 Months Were Subject to U.S. Income Tax and Withholding)
• Rev. Rul. 81-78  (Profits Not Attributable to a U.S. Permanent Establishment)
• Rev. Rul. 85-60  (Foreign "Simple" Trust as a Partner in a U.S. Partnership)
• Rev. Rul. 86-154, Situation 1  (Banking: Loans Attributable to U.S. Office Where the Office Actively & Materially Participates in Soliciting and Negotiating)
• Rev. Rul. 86-154, Situation 2  (Banking: Loan Not Attributable to U.S. Office Where Foreign Home Office Evaluates & Approves Related Party Loan)
• Rev. Rul. 86-154, Situation 3  (Banking: Loan Funded by U.S. Office Attributable to U.S. Office Where Both Home Office & U.S. Office Actively & Materially Participate in the Acquisition)
• Rev. Rul. 91-32, Situation 1  (Nonres. Partner Disposed of P'ship Engaged in a Trade or Business in the U.S.)
• Rev. Rul. 2004-3  (Foreign Partner Deemed to Have A Fixed Base in the U.S.) Video
• Notice 2005-77  (Nonresident Alien Individual Filing Requirements for U.S. Source Wages)
• Notice 2006-76, Example 2  (Software as a Service ("SaaS") Income Was Foreign Source Income)
• Prop. Reg. 1.864-6(c)(3)(i), Example 1  (NRA With a US Tax Home Selling Foreign-Produced Inventory Thru a US Office)
• Prop. Reg. 1.864-6(c)(3)(ii), Example 2  (NRA With a US Tax Home Selling Foreign-Purchased Inventory Thru a US Office)
• Prop. Reg. 1.864-6(c)(3)(iii), Example 3  (NRA With a US Tax Home Selling Foreign-Purchased Inventory Thru a US Office & a Foreign Office Materially Participates in the Sales)
• FSA 199909004  (A Foreign Partner In a U.S. Investing Partnership Was Not Engaged In a U.S. Trade or Business)

Sections 871(a) & 881 FDAP & Section 884 Branch Taxes

• Aiken Industries  (Treaty Shopping / Back-to-Back Loans) Video
• American Metallurgical Coal Co.  (Transfer Was For Equity And Not For Debt; Post Transfer Payments Were Dividends)
• British Timken Ltd.  (Sales Commissions Sourced to Location of Sales Activities)
• Central de Gas de Chihuahua  (482 Adjustment Creates Deemed Payment and Tax Under Section 881)
• Del Commercial Properties Inc.  (Conduit / Intermediary Entities Disregarded)
• Goosen  (Golfer Endorsement Fees: Part Royalties & Part Services, Part U.S. Source & Part Foreign Source)
• Housden  (Resident Alien Required to Withhold U.S. Tax on Alimony and Interest)
• Miller  (No Look-Thru for Sourcing of Back to Back Services Payments)
• SDI Netherlands B.V.  (Cascading Royalties)
• Rev. Rul. 60-55  (Sales Commissions Sourced to Location of Sales Activities)
• Rev. Rul. 72-232  (Book Royalties to an NRA Were Not U.S. Source Income)
• Rev. Rul. 76-19  (Canadian Corp's Employees Working In the U.S. For 12 Months Were Subject to U.S. Income Tax and Withholding)
• Rev. Rul. 80-362  (Cascading Royalties)
• Rev. Rul. 87-89  (Lending Intermediary Disregarded in Cross-Border Lending Transactions)
• Rev. Rul. 92-85, Situation 1  (FDAP Withholding on 304 Transaction) Video
• Rev. Rul. 92-85, Situation 2  (FDAP Withholding on 304 Transaction) Video
• Rev. Rul. 2004-76, Situation 1  (Treaty Benefits: Incorporated in One Jurisdiction and Managed & Controlled in Another)
• Rev. Rul. 2009-14, Situation 3  (Death Benefits Paid to Foreign Corporation Were U.S. Source FDAP)
• TAM 9822007  (Leasing Company Not A Bank for Portfolio Interest Exception)
• CCA 202422010  (Purported Insurance Premiums Subject to FDAP Tax)
• Reg. 1.881-5(h), Example  (US VI Corp Was Not Less Than 25% Owned By Foreign Persons)

• Conduit Financing Arrangements

• • Reg. 1.881-3(e), Example 1  (Guarantee of Bank Debt Does Not Create A Financing Arrangement)
  • Reg. 1.881-3(e), Example 2  (Back-to-Back Loan Treated as Financing Arrangement)
  • Reg. 1.881-3(e), Example 3  (Back-to-Back Loan Treated as Financing Arrangement - DRE)
  • Reg. 1.881-3(e), Example 4  (Bank Financing Through Intermediate Entity)
  • Reg. 1.881-3(e), Example 5  (Related Persons Treated As Single Intermediate Entity)
  • Reg. 1.881-3(e), Example 6  (Related Persons Treated As Single Intermediate Entity)
  • Reg. 1.881-3(e), Example 10  (No Reduction in Tax With Issuance of Portfolio Debt)
  • Reg. 1.881-3(e), Example 11  (No Reduction in Tax, Cascading Royalties)
  • Reg. 1.881-3(e), Example 13  (Significant Reduction in Tax Via Portfolio Interest Exception, Tax Avoidance Plan)
  • Reg. 1.884-4(a)(4), Example 1  (Branch Interest & Excess Interest)
  • Reg. 1.1441-7(f)(2)(ii), Example 1  (Withholding Required For Conduit Financing Arrangement)
  • Reg. 1.1441-7(f)(2)(ii), Example 3  (Withholding Required For Conduit Financing Arrangement)

Section 879 Community Income for NRAs

• Reg. 1.879-1(a)(7), Example 1  (Community Income - Wages and Separate Property Dividends)
• Reg. 1.879-1(a)(7), Example 2  (Community Income - Sole Proprietorship and Partnership)
• Reg. 1.879-1(a)(7), Example 3  (Community Income - Wages, Sep. Prop. Div.s & Comm. Prop. Div.s)

Section 894 Income Affected By Treaty

• De Amodio  (U.S. Rental Properties Were A U.S. Trade or Business but not a Permanent Establishment)
• Boulez  (Payments for Personal Services or for Royalties?)
• Donroy  (Foreign Limited Partner In U.S. Limited Partnership - Permanent Establishment)
• Goosen  (Golfer Endorsement Fees: Part Royalties & Part Services, Part U.S. Source & Part Foreign Source)
• Indofood International Finance Ltd.  (Hypothetical Beneficial Owner Under Indonesia-Netherlands DTA)
• Prevost Car, Inc.  ("Beneficial Owner" Under Canada-Netherlands Tax Treaty)
• Unger  (Foreign Limited Partner in U.S. Partnership had U.S. Permanent Establishment)
• Rev. Rul. 63-113  (No PE for Consignment Sales to U.S. Trading Company)
• Rev. Rul. 76-19  (Canadian Corp's Employees Working In the U.S. For 12 Months Were Subject to U.S. Income Tax and Withholding)
• Rev. Rul. 76-322  (No PE for Consignment Sales to U.S. Subsidiary)
• Rev. Rul. 81-132  (Transferor Ownership Not Attributed in 351 Exchange for Treaty Purposes)
• Rev. Rul. 85-60  (Foreign "Simple" Trust as a Partner in a U.S. Partnership)
• Rev. Rul. 87-89  (Lending Intermediary Disregarded in Cross-Border Lending Transactions)
• Rev. Rul. 2004-76, Situation 1  (Treaty Benefits: Incorporated in One Jurisdiction and Managed & Controlled in Another)
• Reg. 1.894-1(d)(2)(iii), Example 1  (Dividend Paid by Unrelated Entity to DRHE)
• Reg. 1.894-1(d)(2)(iii), Example 2  (Interest Paid by DRHE to Related Foreign Interest Holder)
• Reg. 1.894-1(d)(2)(iii), Example 3  (Interest Paid by DRHE to Related Foreign Interest Holder)
• Reg. 1.894-1(d)(2)(iii), Example 4  (Reverse Hybrid for One Interest Holder But Not The Other)
• Reg. 1.894-1(d)(2)(iii), Example 5  (Recharacterization of Interest to Dividends Can Reduce U.S. Withholding Taxes)
• Reg. 1.894-1(d)(2)(iii), Example 6  (Payment to Related Tax-Consolidated Entity)
• Reg. 1.894-1(d)(2)(iii), Example 7  (Interest Paid to Unrelated Foreign Bank)
• Reg. 1.894-1(d)(2)(iii), Example 8  (Interest Paid to Foreign Bank Pursuant to a Financing Arrangement)
• Reg. 1.894-1(d)(2)(iii), Example 9  (Royalty to DRHE & Interest to Foreign Holder)
• Reg. 1.894-1(d)(5), Example 1  (Fiscally Transparent ("FT") Entity Not Eligible For Reduced Treaty Rate)
• Reg. 1.894-1(d)(5), Example 2  (One of Two Interest Holders Eligible for Reduced Treaty Rate)
• Reg. 1.894-1(d)(5), Example 3  (Entity & Interest Holder Eligible for Reduced Treaty Rate)
• Reg. 1.894-1(d)(5), Example 4  (Foreign Grantor of Foreign Grantor Trust Eligible For Reduced Treaty Rate)
• PLR 200201025  (Ultimate Beneficial Owners Under Derivative Benefits Test)
• PLR 200409025  (Ultimately Owned Under Derivative Benefits Test)
• PLR 200551016  (Exempt Dividends Included in "Gross Income" For Derivative Benefits Test)
• PLR 200626009  (12 Month Ownership Test Under US-UK Tax Treaty with Disregarded Entity)
• PLR 200932017  (12 Month Treaty Holding Period Satisfied After F Reorg)
• 894 Limitation on Benefits: Example of the Need for the Ownership/Base Erosion Test
• AM 2025-002  (Reverse Hybrid Entity With US Permanent Establishment: Partial Treaty Relief From Branch Profits Tax)
• U.S. Treasury Department Technical Explanation Examples
  • Luxembourg - Dual Resident Corp.  (Treas. Dept. Tech. Explan., Art. 4, Para. 3)
  • Luxembourg - PE vs. Trade or Bus. "Cherry Picking"  (Treas. Dept. Tech. Explan., Art. 1, Para. 2)
  • Switzerland - LOB: Active Trade or Business Test  (MOU Para. 4, Ex. 1)
  • U.K. - LOB: Equiv. Beneficiary  (Treas. Dept. Tech. Explan., Art. 23, Para. 3)
  • LOB: Active Trade or Business Test (Derived In Connection With):
    • Australian Distributor Activity "Forms a Part of" U.S. Manufacturer Activity
    • Australian Manufacturer Activity "Forms a Part of" U.S. R&D Activity
    • Australian Hotels "Complementary to" Airline Business
    • Australian Office Building Not Connected With Airline Business
    • Flower (Part of), Lawn (Complem. to), & Fish (Neither)
    • Click here for an additional 125 active trade or business test examples

Section 897 Dispositions of USRPIs

• Rev. Rul. 84-160  (Section 351 Exchange of One USRPI for Another USRPI) Video
• Rev. Rul. 90-76  (Foreign Corporations: Liquidating Distributions of U.S. Real Property Interests)
• Rev. Rul. 2008-31  (Notional Principal Contract Was Not a USRPI)
• Reg. 1.897-1(d)(2)(i), Example  (Loan With "Kicker" is a USRPI)
• Reg. 1.897-2(e)(1), Example 1  (U.S. Real Property Holding Corporation -- Interest in Foreign Corporation)
• Temp. Reg. 1.897-5T(b)(5), Example 3  (Outbound 332 Liquidation of USRPI [Including Former USRPHC])
• Temp. Reg. 1.897-5T(c)(2)(iii), Example 1  (Inbound 332 Liquidation of USRPI)
• Temp. Reg. 1.897-5T(c)(3)(ii), Example  (Foreign-to-Foreign Spin-off of USRPHC)
• Temp. Reg. 1.897-5T(c)(4)(iv), Example 1  (Inbound D Reorganization: USRPI - Statutory Exception)
• Temp. Reg. 1.897-5T(c)(4)(iv), Example 2  (Inbound D Reorganization: USRPI - Statutory Exception)
• Temp. Reg. 1.897-5T(c)(4)(iv), Example 3  (Inbound D Reorganization: USRPI - Regulatory Limitation)
• Temp. Reg. 1.897-5T(c)(4)(iv), Example 4  (Inbound D Reorganization: USRPI - 897(i) Election)
• Temp. Reg. 1.897-6T(a)(7), Example 1  (Inbound 351 of a USRPI to USRPHC)
• Temp. Reg. 1.897-6T(a)(7), Example 4  (Inbound B Reorganization of a USRPHC)
• Temp. Reg. 1.897-6T(a)(7), Example 5  (Outbound Spin-off by USRPHC)
• Temp. Reg. 1.897-6T(a)(7), Example 6  (Inbound 351 of a USRPI with Treaty Exemption)
• PLR 200137037  (Foreign-to-Foreign 351 Exchange of a USRPI)
• PLR 200803005  (Inbound F Reorganization With U.S. Branch & USRPIs)
• PLR 200838007  (Extension Granted for 897 Statement & Notice & 1445 Withholding Requirements in a 351 Exchange)
• PLR 200840014  (Extension Granted for 897 Statement & Notice Requirements in a Redemption)
• PLR 200923001  (U.S. C Corp Shareholders Owned >50% of a Domestically-Controlled REIT)
• PLR 201411006  (Combination of Two Consolidated Groups Owned by Foreign Parent)
• PLR 202040005  (A Deemed Partnership Distribution of a USRHC & A Deemed Contribution of the USRPHC Into a Foreign Corporation Qualified For Nonrecognition)
• AM 2023-003, Situation 1  (Partnership Treated As Entity Under 897(c)(3))
• AM 2023-003, Situation 2  (Attribution Through A Partnership Pushes Ownership Above 5%)

Section 901 - 904 Foreign Tax Credit

• Aptargroup, Inc.  (U.S. Shareholder Must Characterize Stock of a CFC Under a Consistency Rule)
• First Chicago  (No Ownership Aggregation for Section 902)
• Nissho  (Foreign Tax Credits: Legal Liability for Withholding Taxes)
• Proctor & Gamble  (Japanese Withholding Taxes on Royalties Related to Korean Sales Were Not Compulsory Payments)
• Santa Fe Drilling Co.  (Accrual of Australian Income Taxes for Calendar Year Taxpayer)
• Rev. Rul. 70-373  (Deemed Paid Credit Impact of Lower-Tier 332 Liquidation) Video
• Rev. Rul. 71-141  (Deemed Paid Foreign Tax Credits Through A Partnership) Video
• Rev. Rul. 72-197  ("Shareholders" Liable for Foreign Taxes of Reverse Hybrid Entity) Video
• Rev. Rul. 74-387  (Section 902 Deemed Paid Credits in D Reorganization With Boot)
• Rev. Rul. 77-209  (Section 902 Credits and "Fiscal Unity")
• Rev. Rul. 84-125  (Accrual of FTCs on Contested Liability (Partially Paid) & 10 Year Refund Period)
• Notice 2004-20  (Foreign Tax Credit Intermediary Transaction)
• Notice 2005-90  (Foreign Tax Credits Not Disallowed In Certain Back-to-Back Licensing Arrangements)
• Notice 2014-44, Example 1  (Impact of Sec. 901(m) on a Qualified Stock Purchase with a 338(g) Election, Followed by a Check-the-Box Election of the Target)
• Notice 2014-44, Example 2  (Impact of Sec.901(m) on a Qualified Stock Purchase with a 338(g) Election, Followed by a Contribution with Boot)
• Notice 2023-80 §2.02(6)(a), Example 1  (IIR That is a Foreign Income Tax)
• Notice 2023-80 §2.02(6)(b), Example 2  (IIR With Both A Majority & A Minority U.S. Shareholder)
• Notice 2023-80 §2.02(6)(c), Example 3  (QDMTT That Is Not A Final Top-Up Tax)
• Notice 2023-80 §2.04(5)(a), Example 1  (QDMTT Imposed On Two Persons)
• Notice 2023-80 §2.04(5)(b), Example 2  (QDMTT Imposed On Two Persons - Effect of SBIE)
• Notice 2023-80 §2.04(5)(c), Example 3  (QDMTT Imposed On Three Persons (One With a Loss))
• Notice 2023-80 §2.04(5)(d), Example 4  (QDMTT Imposed On Two Persons (Negative Tax On One))
• Reg. 1.901-1(c)(4), Example  (Foreign Tax Paid in a Credit Year But Relates to a Prior Deduction Year)
• Temp. Reg. 1.902-1(c)(8)(ii), Example  (Effect of Liquidation on Pre-1998 Foreign Taxes Paid by 4th Tier Corporation) Video
• Reg. 1.903-1(d)(3), Example 3  (Withholding Tax On Royalties; Attribution Requirement (IP Used Worldwide))
• Reg. 1.903-1(d)(4), Example 4  (Withholding Tax On Royalties; Attribution Requirement (IP Only Used In-Country))
• Reg. 1.904-4(f)(4)(i), Example 1  (Determination of Foreign Branches and Foreign Branch Owner)
• Reg. 1.904-4(f)(4)(ii), Example 2  (Sales of Foreign Branches)
• Reg. 1.904-4(f)(4)(iii), Example 3  (Disregarded Payment for Services From U.S. Owner to FDE)
• Reg. 1.904-4(f)(4)(iv), Example 4  (Sale of Non-Inventory Property to a DRE & Later Sold by the DRE)
• Reg. 1.904-4(n)(4), Example  (Passive Income For Less Than 10% Limited Partner)
• Reg. 1.904-5(i)(5), Example 1  (No Look-Thru for Interest [40% Ownership])
• Reg. 1.904-5(i)(5), Example 2  (Look-Thru for Dividend [40% Ownership] Between CFCs)
• Reg. 1.904-5(i)(5), Example 3  (Look-Thru for Dividend & Interest [80% Ownership])
• Temp. Reg. 1.904-5T(i)(5), Example 4  (Look-Thru But No Section 902 Credits)
• Temp. Reg. 1.904-5T(i)(5), Example 5  (Look-Thru for Dividends Between Members of Qualified Group)
• Temp. Reg. 1.904-7T(f)(iv), Example 1  (IRS's Reconstruction of 10/50 Corporation's Historical Earnings & Taxes)
• Temp. Reg. 1.904-7T(f)(iv), Example 2  (IRS is Unable to Reconstruct 10/50 Corporation's Historical Earnings & Taxes)
• AM 2013-006  (Section 302 Redemption Reduces CFC's Pool of Foreign Income Taxes)
• PLR 200225032  (U.S. Tax Treatment of German Organschaft)
• Cheat Sheet: 1.861-9 and 9T  (Partnership Interest Expense Allocation Rules for Individuals)
• Reg. 1.861-9 and -9T  (Interest Expense Allocation Example With An Individual Owning Partnerships)
• 902 Deemed Paid Credits & Section 904(d) Look-Thru
• 909 Example of Foreign Tax Credit "Splitter" Structure

Section 911 Foreign Earned Income Exclusion

• Rev. Rul. 67-158, Situation 1  (Section 911 Exclusion of Partner's Distributive Share)
• Rev. Rul. 67-158, Situation 2  (Section 911 Exclusion of Partner's Distributive Share)
• 861-865 Classification of Transactions

Section 931-937 Possessions

• AM 2024-005, Situation 1  (Sale of S Corp Shares Two Years After Moving to Puerto Rico)
• AM 2024-005, Situation 2  (S Corp Sells Appreciated Stock Two Years After Shareholder Moves to Puerto Rico)

Section 951A GILTI

• Reg. 1.951A-1(d)(3)(iii), Example 1  (Pro Rata Share of Tested Income)
• Reg. 1.951A-1(d)(3)(iii), Example 2  (Pro Rata Share of Tested Income & QBAI: Special Rule for Pref. Stock & Excess Hypothetical Tangible Return)
• Reg. 1.951A-1(e)(3)(i), Example 1  (U.S. Partnership Entity & Aggregate For GILTI)
• Reg. 1.951A-1(e)(3)(ii), Example 2  (U.S. Tiered Partnerships: Entity & Aggregate For GILTI)
• Reg. 1.951A-2(c)(4)(iv)(A), Example 1  (E&P Limit for Sub F Due To FOGEI Loss, With Later Tested Income Plus Sub F Recapture)
• Reg. 1.951A-2(c)(4)(iv)(B), Example 2  (Impact of De Minimis & Full Inclusion Rules On Gross Tested Income)
• Reg. 1.951A-2(c)(4)(iv)(C), Example 3  (Impact of Full Inclusion, High Tax Exception, & Sub F Recapture On Tested Income)
• Reg. 1.951A-2(c)(8)(iii)(A), Example 1  (GILTI High Tax Exception: Payment of Disregarded Interest)
• Reg. 1.951A-2(c)(8)(iii)(D), Example 4  (A CFC With Two DREs and One Foreign Branch Has Two Tested Units)
• Reg. 1.951A-2(c)(8)(iii)(D), Example 4, Alternative Facts 1  (A CFC With Activities, But Not a Taxable Branch, In a Foreign Country)
• Reg. 1.951A-2(c)(8)(iii)(D), Example 4, Alternative Facts 2  (A CFC With Exempted Activities, But Not a Taxable Branch, In a Foreign Country)
• Reg. 1.951A-2(c)(8)(iii)(D), Example 4, Alternative Facts 3  (Tested Units With CFCs As Partners In A Partnership)
• Reg. 1.951A-2(c)(8)(iii)(D), Example 4, Alternative Facts 4  (Tested Units With CFCs As Partners In A Partnership (A Split Transparent Interest))
• Reg. 1.951A-2(c)(8)(iii)(E), Example 5  (CFC Group: CFC Has Nov. 30 Year End and Sale Is On Dec. 15th)

Section 951 - 954 Subpart F Income

• Generally

• • Dover  (Check the Box & Sell) Video
  • Eaton  (E&P of CFC's Increased By 951(a) Inclusions)
  • Electronic Arts  (Contract Manufacturing in Puerto Rico)
  • MedChem (P.R.), Inc.  (Section 936 - Active Conduct of Trade or Business Within a Possession)
  • Textron  (Subpart F Income To Beneficiary of U.S. Voting Trust)
  • Rev. Rul. 82-150  (Deep in-the-Money Option Deemed Exercised)
  • Notice 2007-9, Example 1  (Factoring Exception to CFC Look-Through Rule)
  • Notice 2007-9, Example 2  (Section 956 Exception to CFC Look-Through Rule)
  • Notice 2007-9, Example 3  (Exception to CFC Look-Through Rule)
  • Notice 2009-7  (Subpart F Income Partnership Blocker) Video
  • Reg. 1.951-1(b)(2), Example 1  (Subpart F Income: CFC for Full Year) Video
  • Reg. 1.951-1(b)(2), Example 2  (Subpart F Income: CFC for First Part of Year) Video
  • Reg. 1.951-1(b)(2), Example 3  (Subpart F Income: CFC for Last Part of Year) Video
  • Reg. 1.951-1(b)(2), Example 4  (Hopscotch Rule & PTI Dividend) Video
  • Reg. 1.951-1(b)(2), Example 5  (Subpart F Income: CFC for Last Part of Year) Video
  • Prop. Reg. 1.951-1(h)(3), Example  (Subpart F Income Partnership Blocker)
  • Reg. 1.951A-2(c)(4)(iv)(B), Example 2  (Impact of De Minimis & Full Inclusion Rules On Gross Tested Income)
  • Reg. 1.951A-2(c)(4)(iv)(C), Example 3  (Impact of Full Inclusion, High Tax Exception, & Sub F Recapture On Tested Income)
  • PLR 8938031  (Foreign Target in 338(g) Election - No Subpart F Income to Purchaser)
  • PLR 200943004  (CFC Overlap Rule Prevented PFIC Classification)
  • PLR 200952031  (80% DRD Allowed for Subpart F Calculation In "Sandwich" Structure)
  • PLR 201002024 (1)  (FBCSI - Branch Rule - No Tax Rate Disparity With Single Zero Rate Manufacturing Branch ("Taxpayer Fabricated Transactions"))
  • PLR 201002024 (2)  (FBCSI - Branch Rule - Tax Rate Disparity But No Sub F Due to Remainder Qualifying for Mfg Exception ("Foreign Branch Fabricated Transactions"))
  • 957 U.S. Partnership vs. Foreign Partnership (CFC vs. Non-CFC)

• Pro Rata Share Defined - Reg. 1.951-1(e)(6)

• • Reg. 1.951-1(e)(6), Example 1  (Pro Rata Share - One Class of Stock)
  • Reg. 1.951-1(e)(6), Example 2  (Pro Rata Share - Common and Preferred)
  • Reg. 1.951-1(e)(6), Example 3  (Pro Rata Share - Two Classes of Common Treated as One Class)
  • Reg. 1.951-1(e)(6), Example 4  (Pro Rata Share - Two Classes of Common & One Class of Preferred)
  • Reg. 1.951-1(e)(6), Example 5  (Pro Rata Share - Common & Preferred: Discretionary & Non-Discret. Distrib'n Rights)
  • Reg. 1.951-1(e)(6), Example 6  (Pro Rata Share - Restriction on Common Dividends is Disregarded)
  • Reg. 1.951-1(e)(6), Example 7  (Pro Rata Share - Redeemable Preferred)
  • Reg. 1.951-1(e)(6), Example 8  (Pro Rata Share - Common and Preferred)
  • Reg. 1.951-1(e)(6), Example 9  (Pro Rata Share - Certain 304 Transactions)

• Foreign Base Company Sales Income

• • Ashland Oil  (No Branch Created From a Contract with A Third Party)
  • Bausch & Lomb Inc.  (Assembly of Sunglasses Was Not Foreign Base Company Sales Income)
  • Vetco, Inc.  (Subpart F Income - Section 954 Branch Rule)
  • Rev. Rul. 75-7  (Contract Manufacturing - Attribution But a Branch Existed)
  • Rev. Rul. 82-16  (Subpart F Income with Less Than 100% U.S. Ownership)
  • Rev. Rul. 97-48  (Contract Manufacturing - No Branch But No Attribution)
  • Reg. 1.954-3(a)(1)(iii), Example 1  (Purchase from Related & Sale to Unrelated) Video
  • Reg. 1.954-3(a)(1)(iii), Example 2  (Purchase from Unrelated & Sale to Related) Video
  • Reg. 1.954-3(a)(1)(iii), Example 3  (Sale Commission to Foreign Subsidiary) Video
  • Reg. 1.954-3(a)(1)(iii), Example 4  (Sale of Lathe Used in Manufacturing Business)
  • Reg. 1.954-3(a)(1)(iii), Example 5  (Interest and Service Fees Included as Foreign Base Company Sale Income)
  • Reg. 1.954-3(a)(2), Example 1  (Coffee Beans Grown in Same Country)
  • Reg. 1.954-3(a)(2), Example 2  (Diamonds Manufactured in Same Country)
  • Reg. 1.954-3(a)(3)(iv), Example 1  (Electric Transformers Sold for Use in Same Country)
  • Reg. 1.954-3(a)(3)(iv), Example 2  (Sewing Machines Sole to Retailers in Same Country)
  • Reg. 1.954-3(a)(3)(iv), Example 3  (Knowledge that Sulfur will be Partly Consumed Outside Country of Delivery)
  • Reg. 1.954-3(a)(3)(iv), Example 4  (Sales of Toys for Delivery to Duty Free Port)
  • Reg. 1.954-3(a)(4)(ii), Example 1  (Wood Pulp Transformed Into Paper)
  • Reg. 1.954-3(a)(4)(ii), Example 2  (Steel Rods Transformed Into Screws & Bolts)
  • Reg. 1.954-3(a)(4)(ii), Example 3  (Tuna Processing and Canning)
  • Reg. 1.954-3(a)(6)(ii), Example  (Manufacturing by Partnership Attributed to Partner)
  • PLR 201332007  (No Foreign Base Company Sales Income for Commission Income Related to Sales)
  • PLR 201340010  (Manufacturing Exception to FBCSI -- Growing Activites Can Be Production Activities)

  • Substantial Contribution

  • • Reg. 1.954-3(a)(4)(iv)(d), Example 1  (No Substantial Contribution ("No SC") (No IOM))
    • Reg. 1.954-3(a)(4)(iv)(d), Example 2  (Substantial Contribution ("SC") (IOM 1, 5, 6, & 7))
    • Reg. 1.954-3(a)(4)(iv)(d), Example 3  (SC With Raw Materials Owned By CM (IOM 1, 3, 4, & 6))
    • Reg. 1.954-3(a)(4)(iv)(d), Example 4  (SC Where CM Contracts Out Employees (IOM 1, 3, 5, & 6))
    • Reg. 1.954-3(a)(4)(iv)(d), Example 5  (NO SC With Auto'd Mfg. Supervised By Another (No IOM))
    • Reg. 1.954-3(a)(4)(iv)(d), Example 6  (SC With Auto'd Mfg. Supervised by FS (IOM 3, 4, 7 and maybe 5 & 6) - Dev'd Software)
    • Reg. 1.954-3(a)(4)(iv)(d), Example 7  (SC With Auto'd Mfg. Supervised by FS (IOM 3, 4, 7 and maybe 5 & 6) - Purch'd Software)
    • Reg. 1.954-3(a)(4)(iv)(d), Example 8  (SC Mfg. Without Intell. Prop. (IOM 3, 4, 5 & 6))
    • Reg. 1.954-3(a)(4)(iv)(d), Example 9  (SC By More Than One CFC (IOM 3, 4, 6 & 7))
    • Reg. 1.954-3(a)(4)(iv)(d), Example 10  (SC With Mfe. of Products Designed by CFC (IOM 3, 4 & 7))
    • Reg. 1.954-3(a)(4)(iv)(d), Example 11  (SC With Direction and Oversight of Mfg. and Quality Control Through Periodic Visits (IOM 1, 3, 4 & 6))

  • Branch Rules

  • • Temp. Reg. 1.954-3T(b)(1)(ii)(c)(1), Example  (One Manufacturing & Two Sales Branches (No Sub F))
    • Temp. Reg. 1.954-3T(b)(1)(ii)(c)(2), Example  (Two Manufacturing Branches: Separate Items (Some Sub F))
    • Temp. Reg. 1.954-3T(b)(1)(ii)(c)(3)(v), Example 1  (Attribution (or not) of Branch Mfg. Activities)
    • Temp. Reg. 1.954-3T(b)(1)(ii)(c)(3)(v), Example 2  (Two Manufacturing Branches, Compare Sales With Lowest Mfg. Branch Rate (No Sub F))
    • Temp. Reg. 1.954-3T(b)(1)(ii)(c)(3)(v), Example 3  (Home Office Not Demonstrably Greater Than High Rate Branches (Sub F))
    • Temp. Reg. 1.954-3T(b)(1)(ii)(c)(3)(v), Example 4  (Home Office & Low Rate Branch Demonstrably Greater, Than High Rate Branch)
    • Temp. Reg. 1.954-3T(b)(1)(ii)(c)(3)(v), Example 5  (No Tax Rate Differential For Selling Branch)
    • Temp. Reg. 1.954-3T(b)(1)(ii)(c)(3)(v), Example 6  (Location of Manufacture When Employees Travel to CM (Sub F))
    • Reg. 1.954-3(b)(4), Example 1  (Sales Branch with Tax Rate Differential)
    • Reg. 1.954-3(b)(4), Example 2  (Manufacturing Branch with Tax Rate Differential)
    • Reg. 1.954-3(b)(4), Example 3  (Trading Branch with Tax Rate Differential)
    • Reg. 1.954-3(b)(4), Example 4  (Branch Rule Cannot Be Used Affirmatively to Avoid Subpart F Income)
    • Reg. 1.954-3(b)(4), Example 5  (Multiple Sales Branches with Tax Rate Differentials)
    • PLR 200942034  (Local Law Used For Tax Rate Calculations Under Manufacturing Branch Rule)
    • PLR 200945036  (Tax Rate Disparity Calculations With Multiple Manufacturing & Sales Branches)

• Foreign Base Company Services Income

• • Notice 2007-13, Example 1  (FBC Services - Substantial Assistance: CFC Costs Exceed 20% - No Sub F)
  • Notice 2007-13, Example 2  (FBC Services - Substantial Assistance: Indirect Services - Sub F)
  • Notice 2007-13, Example 3  (FBC Services - Substantial Assistance: Indirect Services - No Sub F)
  • Reg. 1.954-4(b)(3), Example 1  (Services for, or on behalf of, a Related Person: Paid by Related Person)
  • Reg. 1.954-4(b)(3), Example 2, [Superseded by Notice 2007-13]  (Services for, or on behalf of, a Related Person: Substantial Assistance)
  • Reg. 1.954-4(b)(3), Example 3, [Superseded by Notice 2007-13]  (Services for, or on behalf of, a Related Person: Clerical and Accounting)
  • Reg. 1.954-4(b)(3), Example 4  (Foreign Base Company Services: Performance Guarantee for Superhighway Construction)
  • Reg. 1.954-4(b)(3), Example 5  (Foreign Base Company Services: Contract Assignment for Superhighway Construction)
  • Reg. 1.954-4(b)(3), Example 6  (Foreign Base Company Services: Contract Assignment as a Performance Guarantee)

Section 956 - Investment in U.S. Property

• Barnes Group, Inc.  (Structured Repatriation of Cash Was Held to be a Dividend)
• Ludwig  (Pledge of CFC Stock With Negative Covenants Was Not A Guarantee By The CFC)
• Schering-Plough  (Swap & Assign Transactions Treated as Loans Under Section 956)
• Rev. Rul. 76-192  (Third Party "Filter" was Ineffective / CFC Created to Avoid Section 956) Video
• Rev. Rul. 87-89  (Lending Intermediary Disregarded in Cross-Border Lending Transactions)
• Rev. Rul. 90-112  (Investment in U.S. Property Through Partnership) Video
• Notice 2007-9, Example 2  (Section 956 Exception to CFC Look-Through Rule)
• Reg. 1.956-1(b)(4), Example 1  (U.S. Property Held Indirectly by a CFC - Avoiding Code §956 Not a Principal Purpose)
• Reg. 1.956-1(b)(4), Example 2  (U.S. Property Held Indirectly by a CFC - Avoiding Code §956 Principal Purpose)
• Reg. 1.956-1(b)(4), Example 3  (U.S. Property Held Indirectly by a CFC - Avoiding Code §956 Back to Back Loans) Video
• Reg. 1.956-1(b)(4), Example 4  (U.S. Property Held Indirectly by a CFC - Avoiding Code §956 Use of Unrelated Bank)
• Reg. 1.956-1(b)(4), Example 5  (U.S. Property Held Indirectly by a CFC - Avoiding Code §956 Arm's Length Transactions)
• Reg. 1.956-1(b)(4), Example 6  (U.S. Property Held Indirectly by a CFC - Avoiding Code §956 Arm's Length Loan & Loan Repayment)
• Reg. 1.956-1(b)(4), Example 7  (U.S. Property Held Indirectly by a CFC - Avoiding Code §956 Loan Funded Thru Equity in Foreign Partnership)
• Reg. 1.956-1(b)(4), Example 8  (U.S. Property Held Indirectly by a CFC - Avoiding Code §956 Loan Funded Thru Debt to Foreign Partnership)
• Reg. 1.956-1(e)(6)(vi), Example 1  (Zero Basis Investment in U.S. Property)
• Reg. 1.956-1(e)(6)(vi), Example 2  (Normal Basis Investment in U.S. Property)
• Reg. 1.956-1(e)(6)(vi), Example 3  (956 Basis on Transfer to Related Party)
• Reg. 1.956-2(c)(3), Example 1  (U.S. Property - Pledge of CFC Assets) Video
• Reg. 1.956-2(c)(3), Example 2  (U.S. Property - CFC Guarantee of Loan to U.S. Person)
• Reg. 1.956-2(c)(3), Example 3  (U.S. Property - Pledge of >2/3 of CFC Stock with Negative Covenants) Video
• Reg. 1.956-2(c)(3), Example 4  (U.S. Property - Pledge of CFC Assets)
• Reg. 1.956-3(b)(2)(ii), Example 1  (U.S. Property - Receivables Acquired by Partnership)
• Reg. 1.956-3(b)(2)(ii), Example 2  (U.S. Property - Receivables Acquired by Nominee)
• Reg. 1.956-3(b)(2)(iii), Example  (U.S. Property - Receivable Swap / Pooling Arrangement)
• Reg. 1.956-3(b)(2)(iv), Example 1  (U.S. Property - Financing Thru Unrelated Party (Inventory))
• Reg. 1.956-3(b)(2)(iv), Example 2  (U.S. Property - Financing Thru Unrelated Bank and Unrelated Party (Inventory))
• Reg. 1.956-3(b)(2)(iv), Example 3  (U.S. Property - Financing Thru Unrelated Party (Trade Receivables))
• Reg. 1.956-3(c), Example  (U.S. Property - Financing With Substitution of U.S. Obligor)
• Reg. 1.956-4(b)(3), Example 1  (U.S. Property Held Indirectly Through Foreign Partnership)
• Reg. 1.956-4(b)(3), Example 2  (U.S. Property Held Indirectly Through Foreign Partnership with Special Allocation)
• Reg. 1.956-4(b)(3), Example 3  (U.S. Property Held Indirectly Through Partnership Special Allocations of Income and Gain)
• Reg. 1.956-4(c)(4), Example 1  (CFC Loan to Foreign Partnership With Related U.S. Partners)
• Reg. 1.956-4(c)(4), Example 2  (CFC Loan to Foreign Partnership With No Related U.S. Partners)
• Reg. 1.956-4(c)(4), Example 3  (CFC Guarantee of Loan to Foreign Partnership With Related U.S. Partner)
• Reg. 1.956-4(c)(4), Example 4  (CFC Loan to Foreign Partnership & Distribution to Related U.S. Partner)
• PLR 200832024  (No 956 Inclusion For Foreign Partnership With U.S. Assets)
• CCA 201420017  (956: Funneling of Loan through One CFC Partner is Disregarded)

Section 957 Controlled Foreign Corporation

• Garlock Inc.  (Shift of Formal Voting Power to Avoid CFC Status)
• Kraus  (Corporation Treated as CFC and Gain on Sale Treated as Dividend Income)
• Reg. 1.957-1(c), Example 8  (>50% Ownership of Value & At Least 10% of Vote Makes a CFC)
• Reg. 1.957-1(c), Example 9  (>50% Ownership of Value (Thru Publicly Traded Co.) & At Least 10% of Vote Makes a CFC)
• PLR 201106003  (CFC/PFIC Overlap Rule For a U.S. Partnership)

Section 958 Attribution Rules

• Reg. 1.958-1(b), Example  (Indirect Ownership Thru Foreign Corporations; Attribution Stops with First U.S. Person Going Up the Chain)
• Reg. 1.958-1(d), Example 1  (Indirect Ownership Thru Foreign Corporations)
• Reg. 1.958-1(d), Example 2  (Indirect Ownership Thru Foreign Partnerships & Foreign Corporations)
• Reg. 1.958-1(d), Example 3  (Indirect Ownership Thru Foreign Trust)
• Reg. 1.958-1(d), Example 4  (Indirect Ownership Thru Foreign Estate)
• Reg. 1.958-1(d)(3)(i), Example 1  (U.S. Partnership Owns CFC, With One Partner as a U.S. Shareholder)
• Reg. 1.958-1(d)(3)(ii), Example 2  (Tiered U.S. Partnerships Own a CFC)
• Reg. 1.958-2(f), Example 1  (9% Direct Owner Treated As U.S. Shareholder Thru Constructive Ownership)
• Reg. 1.958-2(f), Example 2  (More Than 50% Ownership of a Corp Thru an Entity is Treated as 100% Constructive Ownership)
• Reg. 1.958-2(g), Example 1  (Use Higher of 1.958-1 Attribution or 1.958-2 Attribution)
• Reg. 1.958-2(g), Example 2  (Use Higher of 1.958-1 Attribution or 1.958-2 Attribution, Thru Domestic C Corp)
• Reg. 1.958-2(g), Example 3  (Downward Attribution Thru Partnership & Corp)
• Reg. 1.958-2(g), Example 4  (No Downward Attribution From Foreign Corp (Old Law))
• Reg. 1.958-2(g), Example 5  (No Family Attribution From Foreign Persons)
• Reg. 1.958-2(g), Example 6  (Family Attribution From U.S. Spouse)
• PLR 200952031  (80% DRD Allowed for Subpart F Calculation In "Sandwich" Structure)

Section 960 Deemed Paid Credits

• Reg. 1.960-2(b)(5), Example  (Deemed Paid Foreign Income Taxes: Subpart F Income Inclusion)
• Reg. 1.960-2(c)(7)(i), Example 1  (Deemed Paid Foreign Income Taxes: GILTI Inclusion)
• Reg. 1.960-2(c)(7)(ii), Example 2  (Deemed Paid Foreign Income Taxes: GILTI Inclusion, CFC Owned Thru P'ship)
• Reg. 1.960-3(e)(1), Example 1  (Foreign Income Taxes Deemed Paid Under Sec. 960(b) and Accounting for PTEP)
• Reg. 1.960-3(e)(2), Example 2  (Tracking PTEP & PTEP Group Taxes Thru Tiers of CFCs)

Section 965 Transition Tax

• Prop. Reg. 1.965-1(g), Example 1  (Special Non-Attribution Rule For P'ships in Defining Specified Foreign Corporations)
• Prop. Reg. 1.965-1(g), Example 2  (Attribution Rule For P'ships in Defining Specified Foreign Corporations)
• Prop. Reg. 1.965-1(g), Example 3  (Determination of Accumulated Post-1986 Deferred Foreign Income (All E&P was PTI & DFI was zero))
• Prop. Reg. 1.965-1(g), Example 4  (Determination of Status as a DFIC or an E&P Deficit Foreign Corp (Solely a DFIC))
• Prop. Reg. 1.965-1(g), Example 5  (Determination of Status as a DFIC or an E&P Deficit Foreign Corp (Neither a DFIC Nor a Def. Corp))
• Prop. Reg. 1.965-1(g), Example 6  (Application of Currency Translation Rules)
• Prop. Reg. 1.965-1(g), Example 7  (Determination of Cash Measurement Dates and Pro Rata Shares of Cash Positions)
• Prop. Reg. 1.965-1(g), Example 8  (Determination of Section 958(a) U.S. Shareholder in case of a Controlled Domestic Partnership)

Section 987 Branch Transactions

• Reg. 1.987-1(b)(7), Example 1  (Not a Section 987 QBU: Disregarded Entity Holding Stock & Servicing a Debt)
• Reg. 1.987-1(b)(7), Example 2  (Section 987 QBU: Disregarded Entities with Active Businesses)
• Reg. 1.987-1(b)(7), Example 3  (Section 987 QBU: Election to Treat Separate QBUs as One QBU)
• Reg. 1.987-1(b)(7), Example 4  (Section 987 QBU: Aggregate Partnerships)
• Reg. 1.987-1(b)(7), Example 5  (Section 987 QBU: U.S. Corp with 3 QBUs)
• Reg. 1.987-2(c)(10), Example 1  (Section 987: Disregarded Interbranch Transaction)
• Reg. 1.987-2(c)(10), Example 2  (Section 987: Transfer to a Directly Owned Section 987 QBU)
• Reg. 1.987-2(c)(10), Example 3  (Section 987: Intercompany Sale of Property Between Section 987 QBUs)
• Reg. 1.987-2(c)(10), Example 4  (Section 987: Sale of Property by a Section 987 QBU)
• Reg. 1.987-2(c)(10), Example 8  (Section 987: Conversion of Disregarded Entity To P'ship via Sale)
• Reg. 1.987-2(c)(10), Example 9  (Section 987: Conversion of Disregarded Entity To P'ship via Contribution)
• Reg. 1.987-2(c)(10), Example 10  (Section 987: Contribution of Assets to Corporation)
• Reg. 1.987-2(c)(10), Example 11  (Section 987 QBU: Circular Transfers)
• Reg. 1.987-2(c)(10), Example 12  (Section 987 QBU: Transfers Without Substance)

Section 988 Foreign Currency Transactions

• Church's English Shoes, Ltd.  (Borrowing in Foreign Currency Treated as Separate From Inventory Purchase)
• Quijano  (No Netting of Currency Loss on Foreign Mortgage With Gain on Residence Sale)
• Rev. Rul. 54-105  (Individual Purchase & Sale of Prop. in Foreign Currency) Video
• Rev. Rul. 78-281  (Non-Functional Currency Borrowing & Purchase) Video
• Rev. Rul. 90-79  (Non-Deductible Personal Currency Loss on Foreign Mortgage)
• Rev. Rul. 2008-1  (U.S. Dollar Denominated Derivative Contract Treated As Euro Denominated Debt)
• Reg. 1.988-1(a)(11)(ii), Example  (Sale of Stock Treated as Section 988 Transaction)

Section 1001 Dispositions of Property

• Reg. 1.1001-1(e)(2), Example 1  (Part Gift and Part Sale: Proceeds Greater Than Basis)
• Reg. 1.1001-1(e)(2), Example 2  (Part Gift and Part Sale: Proceeds Less Than Basis)
• Reg. 1.1001-1(e)(2), Example 3  (Part Gift and Part Sale: Proceeds Equal Basis)
• Reg. 1.1001-1(e)(2), Example 4  (Part Gift and Part Sale: Proceeds & FMV Less Than Basis)
• Reg. 1.1001-2(c), Example 1  (Sales Proceeds Include Liabilities Assumed By Purchaser)
• 861-865 Classification of Transactions

Section 1011 - 1015 Basis Rules

• Reg. 1.1015-4(b), Example 1  (Part Gift and Part Sale: Proceeds Equal Basis)
• Reg. 1.1015-4(b), Example 2  (Part Gift and Part Sale: Proceeds Greater Than Basis)
• Reg. 1.1015-4(b), Example 3  (Part Gift and Part Sale: Proceeds Less Than Basis)
• Reg. 1.1015-4(b), Example 4  (Part Gift and Part Sale: Proceeds & FMV Less Than Basis)

Section 1031 Like-Kind Exchanges

• Rev. Rul. 77-297  (Three Party Like-Kind Exchange)
• Rev. Rul. 90-34  (Three Party Like-Kind Exchange: Direct Transfer)
• Reg. 1.1031(b)-1(b), Example 1  (Two Party Like-Kind Exchange: Partial Boot)
• Reg. 1.1031(d)-2, Example 1  (Two Party Like-Kind Exchange: Assumption of Liabilities)

Section 1032 Exchange of Stock for Property

• Rev. Rul. 70-305  (Subsidiary Purchase & Sale of Parent Stock) Video
• Reg. 1.1032-3(e), Example 1  (Subsidiary Exchange of Parent Stock for a Truck) Video
• Reg. 1.1032-3(e), Example 2  (Subsidiary Exchange of Option on Parent Stock for a Truck)
• Reg. 1.1032-3(e), Example 3  (Partnership Exchange of Grandparent Stock for a Truck)
• Reg. 1.1032-3(e), Example 4  (Parent Stock used as Compensation for Subsidiary Employee) Video
• Reg. 1.1032-3(e), Example 5  (Parent Stock Purchased At A Discount by Subsidiary's Employee)
• Reg. 1.1032-3(e), Example 6  (Parent Stock Subject to a Substantial Risk of Forfeiture)
• Reg. 1.1032-3(e), Example 7  (Parent Stock Subject to a Substantial Risk of Forfeiture)
• Reg. 1.1032-3(e), Example 8  (Parent Stock Option Used As Compensation for Subsidiary Employee)
• Reg. 1.1032-3(e), Example 9  (Owner's Transfer of Parent Stock to Subsidiary's Employee)
• PLR 201014049  (Parent Stock Transferred to Foreign Subsidiary in 1032 Exchange)

Section 1239 Ordinary Gain from Related Sales

• Reg. 1.1239-1(c)(5), Example 1  (Gain on Sale From Shareholder to Corp Is Ordinary Income)
• Reg. 1.1239-1(c)(5), Example 2  (Gain on Sale From Parent to Subsidiary Is Ordinary Income)

Section 1248 Sales of Controlled Foreign Corporations

• Rev. Rul. 69-124  (Code Section 1248(b) Limitation Applies to CFC Stock Sold by Partnership)
• Rev. Rul. 81-32  (Foreign-to-Foreign C Reorg - CFC to Non-CFC: Sec. 1248(b) Lim. Applies to Deemed Div)
• Rev. Rul. 87-47  (Corporation Formed to Hold Stock of Foreign Corporation)
• Rev. Rul. 87-96  (Intercompany In-Kind Dividend of Foreign Subsidiary) Video
• Rev. Rul. 90-31  (Section 959(e): Section 1248 PTI Account) Video
• Reg. 1.1248-8(b)(7), Example 1  (Section 1248 Gain - Sale After 351 Exchange of Property)
• Reg. 1.1248-8(b)(7), Example 2  (Section 1248 Gain - Sale After 351 Exchange of CFC Stock)
• Reg. 1.1248-8(b)(7), Example 3  (Section 1248 Gain - Sale After 351 Exch. of CFC Stock to U.S. Subsidiary)
• Reg. 1.1248-8(b)(7), Example 4  (Section 1248 Gain - Sale After Foreign to Foreign C Reorganization)
• Reg. 1.1248-8(b)(7), Example 5  (Section 1248 Gain - Sale After Triangular C Reorganization)
• Reg. 1.1248-8(b)(7), Example 6  (Section 1248 Gain - Sale After Triangular C Reorganization)
• Reg. 1.1248-8(b)(7), Example 7  (Section 1248 Gain - Sale After B Reorganization)
• Reg. 1.1248-8(b)(7), Example 8  (Section 1248 Gain - Sale After Upstream C Reorganization)
• Reg. 1.1248-8(c)(3), Example  (Section 1248 Gain - Sale After 332 Liquidation)
• PLR 200104024  (Domestic Spin-offs of CFCs to 100% Domestic Parent)

• Sales of Controlled Foreign Corporations (CFCs)

• • U.S. Corporate Seller of CFC
  • U.S. Corporate Seller of CFC - Pre-Sale Distribution
  • U.S. Corporate Seller of CFC - 338(g) Election
  • U.S. Corporate Seller of CFC - 338(g) Election & Subpart F Income
  • U.S. Individual Seller of CFC - Qualified Foreign Corporation (QFC)
  • U.S. Individual Seller of CFC - QFC and 338(g) Election
  • U.S. Individual Seller of CFC - QFC, 338(g), & Subpart F Income
  • U.S. Individual Seller of CFC - Non-QFC
  • U.S. Individual Seller of CFC - Non-QFC and 338(g) Election
  • U.S. Individual Seller of CFC - Non-QFC, 338(g), & Subpart F Income

Section 1291 PFICs Generally

• Reg. 1.1291-1(b)(8)(iv), Example 1  (Indirect Ownership of a PFIC Partly Thru a U.S. Corp)
• Reg. 1.1291-1(b)(8)(iv)(B), Example 2  ("Top-Down" Approach For Ownership of a PFIC Thru Foreign Partnerships)

Section 1295 QEFs

• Reg. 1.1295-1(d)(2)(i), Example  (Who Makes QEF Elections When Partnerships Own PFICs?)
• Reg. 1.1295-1(d)(3)(ii), Example  (A QEF Election Only Applies to the Foreign Corporation For Which the Election is Made)
• Reg. 1.1295-1(i)(3), Example  (QEF Election Automatically Terminated With MTM Election)

Section 1296 PFIC Mark-to-Market Elections

• Reg. 1.1295-1(i)(3), Example  (QEF Election Automatically Terminated With MTM Election)
• Reg. 1.1296-1(a)(3)(iii), Example  (Gain from MTM Election in Year After Acquisition Is Included in Unreversed Inclusions) Video
• Reg. 1.1296-1(c)(7), Example 1  (MTM Election Made in First PFIC Year, Which Was After Acquisition Year) Video
• Reg. 1.1296-1(c)(7), Example 2  (Gain Recognized in Year Ceased to be a PFIC Was Long-Term Capital Gain) Video
• Reg. 1.1296-1(c)(7), Example 3  (Ordinary Loss On Sale of 1296 Stock Because Loss Did Not Exceed Unreversed Inclusions) Video
• Reg. 1.1296-1(c)(7), Example 4  (Loss Recognized in Year Ceased to be a PFIC Was Long-Term Capital Loss) Video
• Reg. 1.1296-1(c)(7), Example 5  (Ordinary & Capital Loss On Sale of 1296 Stock Because Loss Exceeded Unreversed Inclusions) Video
• Reg. 1.1296-1(c)(7), Example 6  (MTM Election With Two Lots of Stock (1 Gain & 1 Loss)) Video
• Reg. 1.1296-1(d)(2)(ii), Example  (U.S. Partner Makes MTM Election Owning PFIC Thru Foreign P'ship) Video
• Reg. 1.1296-1(d)(5)(ii), Example  (Pre-Residency PFIC Share Acquisition With a MTM Election in First Year of U.S. Residency) Video
• Reg. 1.1296-1(h)(4), Example 1  (QEF Election, Then MTM Election, Then Stock Ceases To Be Marketable) Video
• Reg. 1.1296-1(h)(4), Example 2  (QEF Election, Then MTM Election, Then Stock Ceases To Be Marketable, Then Stock Becomes Marketable Again) Video
• Reg. 1.1296-1(i)(4), Example 1  (Coordination Rule Between Code §1291 & MTM Election) Video

Section 1297 PFIC Definition

• Prop. Reg. 1.1297-1(b)(2), Example  (Consolidated Group Dividends Not Excluded From Gross Income for PFIC Testing)
• Prop. Reg. 1.1297-1(d)(1)(v)(B), Example  (CFC That Was Publicly Traded Must Use Value For PFIC Asset Test)
• Prop. Reg. 1.1297-1(d)(2)(iv), Example  (PFIC Testing: Dual Character Assets (Stock, a Note & a Building) Each Treated As Two Assets)
• Prop. Reg. 1.1297-2(b)(3)(i), Example 1  (25% Look-Through Rule Depends on Entity Being Tested)
• Prop. Reg. 1.1297-2(b)(3)(ii), Example 2  (Disposition of a Look-Through Subsidiary In The Fourth Quarter)
• PLR 200604020  (PFIC Look-Thru For Gain on 25% Owned Subsidiary)
• PLR 200813036  (PFIC 25% Subsidiary Look-Thru & Change of Business Exceptions)
• PLR 200952031  (80% DRD Allowed for Subpart F Calculation In "Sandwich" Structure)
• PLR 201106003  (CFC/PFIC Overlap Rule For a U.S. Partnership)
• PLR 201322009  (Application of PFIC Look-Through Rules to Foreign Corporation with U.S. Subsidiaries)
• PLR 201515006  (Shares of Second-Tier U.S. Subsidiary Not Passive For PFIC Testing)

Section 1298 PFIC Special Rules

• Reg. 1.1298-1T(g), Example 1  (Form 8621: PFIC Annual Filing Requirement Through Partnerships)
• Reg. 1.1298-1T(g), Example 2  (Form 8621: PFIC Annual Filing --$25,000 De Minimis Exception)
• Reg. 1.1298-1T(g), Example 3  (Form 8621: PFIC Annual Filing --$25,000 De Minimis Exception)
• Reg. 1.1298-1T(g), Example 4  (Form 8621: PFIC Annual Filing --$5,000 Indirect De Minimis Exception)
• Reg. 1.1298-4, Example  (Possible PFICs Owning 25%-Owned Domestic Corps)

Section 1361 S Corporations

• Blum  (Guaranteed Loans Not Treated As Equity Investments)
• Ward  (NRA Spouse Owned Purported S Corp Stock Under Community Property Laws)
• Rev. Rul. 64-250  ("F" Reorganization Did Not Terminate S Corp Election)
• Rev. Rul. 72-320  (Momentary Ownership of Corporation Did Not Terminate S Election)
• Rev. Rul. 73-478  (Sale of S Corp Stock to an Alien BFR of PR Terminates S Election)
• Rev. Rul. 73-496  (Momentary Ownership of Corporation Did Not Terminate S Election)
• Rev. Rul. 2004-85  ("F" Reorganization of an S Corp Did Not Terminate QSub Election of Subsidiary) Video
• Rev. Rul. 2008-18, Situation 1  (S Election In F Reorg With QSub)
• Rev. Rul. 2008-18, Situation 2  (S Election In F Reorg With QSub)
• Rev. Rul. 2009-15, Situation 1  (Partnership UN-CTB Election to S Corporation)
• Rev. Rul. 2009-15, Situation 2  (Partnership Conversion to S Corporation)
• Reg. 1.1361-1(g)(1)(ii), Example 1  (U.S. Corp Was Not an S Corp Because NRA Spouse Owned Shares Under Community Property Laws)
• Reg. 1.1361-1(g)(1)(ii), Example 2  (U.S. Corp Was an S Corp Because Foreign Spouse Elected to be Treated as a US Resident)
• Reg. 1.1361-4(a)(2)(ii), Example 1  (Qualified Stock Purchase & QSub Election)
• Reg. 1.1361-4(a)(2)(ii), Example 2  (Stock for Stock Exchange & QSub Election)
• Reg. 1.1361-4(a)(2)(ii), Example 3  (Contribution & QSub Election - Drop & Check)
• Reg. 1.1361-4(a)(2)(iv), Example  (Redemption & QSub Election)
• Reg. 1.1361-5(a)(4), Example 1  (Termination of QSub Election upon Termination of Parent's "S" Election) Video
• Reg. 1.1361-5(a)(4), Example 2  (Termination of QSub Election due to Transfer of QSub Stock)
• Reg. 1.1361-5(a)(4), Example 3  (No Termination of QSub Election on Stock Transfer Between QSub and Parent) Video
• Reg. 1.1361-5(a)(4), Example 4  (Termination of "S" and QSub Elections due to 80% Acquisition of S Corp by C Corp)
• Reg. 1.1361-5(a)(4), Example 5  (Termination of QSub Election due to 80% Acquisition of QSub by C Corp)
• Reg. 1.1361-5(b)(3), Example 8  ("F" Reorganization Upon S Corp Merger into its QSub)
• Reg. 1.1361-5(b)(3), Example 9  (Sale of QSub Triggers a Deemed 351 Exchange to the Purchaser)
• PLR 9612017  (Gain on Sale of S Corporations Was Foreign Source Income)
• PLR 201007043  (Downstream "F" Reorganization of S Corp into QSub) Video
• PLR 200513001  (S Corp Owned Thru Disregarded LLCs and Disregarded LP)
• PLR 201115016  (Create QSub Via F Reorganization and Sale of QSub)
• PLR 201336012  (Spin-Off of QSub)
• AM 2024-005, Situation 1  (Sale of S Corp Shares Two Years After Moving to Puerto Rico)
• AM 2024-005, Situation 2  (S Corp Sells Appreciated Stock Two Years After Shareholder Moves to Puerto Rico)

Section 1446 Withholding on Foreign Partners' Share of ECI

• Reg. 1.1446-5(f), Example 1  (Foreign Person Not Treated As Owner of Trust)

Section 2036 Transfers with Retained Life Estate

• Rev. Rul. 66-86  (Section 2036 Does Not Apply to Life Interest In Trust For Inherited Usufruct)

Section 2501 Gifts

• Diedrich  (Conditional Gift with Donee Payment of Gift Tax)
• Duberstein  (Gift Defined: Detached & Disinterested Generosity)
• Snyder  (Deemed Gifts for Failing to Convert From Non-Cumulative Preferred to Cumulative Preferred)
• Rev. Rul. 69-148  (No Completed Gift with Joint Brokerage Account)
• Rev. Rul. 70-626  (Gift of Appreciated Securities Pledged As Collateral for Loan That Exceeds Basis)
• Rev. Rul. 71-443  (Gift to Corp is Gift of a Future Interest to the Stockholders)
• Rev. Rul. 81-54  (DISC Commissions with Respect to Gifted DISC Shares Result in Continuing Gifts)
• 861-865 Classification of Transactions

Section 6013 Joint Tax Returns

• Reg. 1.1361-1(g)(1)(ii), Example 2  (U.S. Corp Was an S Corp Because Foreign Spouse Elected to be Treated as a US Resident)
• Reg. 1.6013-6(a)(2)(v), Example  (If You Make a 6013(g) Election, You Can't Claim You Are a Nonresident Under a Treaty)
• Reg. 1.6013-6(c), Example 1  (US Citizen & NRA Spouse Make 6013(g) Election)
• Reg. 1.6013-6(c), Example 2  (New US Resident Alien & NRA Spouse Make 6013(g) Election)
• Reg. 1.6013-6(c), Example 3  (6013(g) Election Suspended During Intervening NRA Years)

Section 6038A Form 5472

• Rev. Proc. 91-55, Example 1  (Form 5472: Public Foreign Corp. As Ultimate Indirect 25% Foreign Shareholder)
• Rev. Proc. 91-55, Example 2  (Form 5472: Family Members As Ultimate Indirect 25% Foreign Shareholders)
• Rev. Proc. 91-55, Example 3  (Form 5472: Related Corporations That Are Not Direct or Indirect Shareholders)
• Reg. 1.6038A-1(m), Example 1  (Form 5472: U.S. Partnership With Two Reporting Corporations) Video
• Reg. 1.6038A-1(m), Example 2  (Form 5472: U.S. Branch of Foreign Corporation)
• Reg. 1.6038A-1(m), Example 3  (Form 5472: <25% Foreign Shareholder)
• Reg. 1.6038A-1(m), Example 4  (Form 5472: Direct & Indirect 25% Foreign Shareholders)
• Reg. 1.6038A-1(m), Example 5  (Form 5472: Sec. 482 Control Even Though Only 25% Ownership)
• Reg. 1.6038A-1(m), Example 6  (Form 5472: No Sec. 482 Control With 25% Ownership)
• Reg. 1.6038A-1(m), Example 7  (Form 5472: No Sec. 318(a)(3)(C) Attribution to Cause U.S. Corporation to be a Reporting Corporation)
• Reg. 1.6038A-2(b)(9), Example 1  (5472 Reporting for U.S. Disregarded Entity) Video
• Reg. 1.6038A-2(b)(9), Example 2  (5472 Reporting for Transactions Between U.S. Disregarded Entities)

Section 6038B Form 926

• AM 2008-006  (Partnership Outbound Transfer Treated as Proportionate Transfers By the Partners)

Section 6038D Form 8938

• Reg. 1.6038D-6(b)(4), Example 1  (Form 8938: Closely Held & Constructive Ownership)
• Reg. 1.6038D-6(b)(4), Example 2  (Form 8938: Aggregation Rule & Reporting Threshold)
• Reg. 1.6038D-6(b)(4), Example 3  (Form 8938: Aggregation Rule & Entity With Active Business)

Section 6046 Category 2 and 3 filers

• Reg. 1.6046-1(a)(3), Examples 2 & 3  (Form 5471: Category 2 Filer)
• Reg. 1.6046-1(i)(2), Example  (Form 5471: Category 3 Filer, No Re-Application of Family Attribution)

Section 6048 Forms 3520 and 3520-A

• Rev. Rul. 2013-14, Situation 1  (Fideicomiso (Mexican Land Trust) Not Treated as a Trust)
• Rev. Rul. 2013-14, Situation 2  (Fideicomiso (Mexican Land Trust) Not Treated as a Trust)

Section 6694 Paid Preparer Penalties

• Reg. 1.6694-1(b)(6), Example 1  (Two Attorneys in Same Firm Advising on Client's Tax Return: Primary Responsibility For a Position)
• Reg. 1.6694-1(b)(6), Example 3  (One Attorney Passing Along Advice of Another Attorney in the Same Firm: Primary Responsibility For a Position)
• Reg. 1.6694-1(b)(6), Example 4  (Potential For Two Sec. 6694 Penalties With Attorneys From Different Firms)
• Reg. 1.6694-1(e)(3), Example 1  (Verification of Info: No Reasonable Inquiries Were Made)
• Reg. 1.6694-1(e)(3), Example 2  (Verification of Info: Reasonable Inquiries Were Made)

Section 7701 Entity Classification

• Dover  (Check the Box & Sell) Video
• Rev. Rul. 99-5, Situation 1  (Disregarded Entity to Partnership - Sale) Video
• Rev. Rul. 99-5, Situation 2  (Disregarded Entity to Partnership - Contribution) Video
• Rev. Rul. 99-6, Situation 1  (Partnership to Disregarded Entity - Member Purchase) Video
• Rev. Rul. 99-6, Situation 2  (Partnership to Disregarded Entity - Third Party Purchase) Video
• Rev. Rul. 2003-125, Situation 2  (Check the Box Election As Identifiable Event For Worthless Stock Deduction)
• Rev. Rul. 2004-59  (Partnership Conversion to Corporation - Contribution Followed by Distribution) Video
• Rev. Rul. 2004-77  (Disregarded Entity with Two Owners [One Owner is Disregarded]) Video
• Rev. Rul. 2009-15, Situation 1  (Partnership UN-CTB Election to S Corporation)
• Rev. Rul. 2009-15, Situation 2  (Partnership Conversion to S Corporation)
• Reg. 1.701-2(d), Example 3  (Check-the-Box Planning to Get 901 Credits and to Avoid 10/50 Basket) Video
• Reg. 301.7701-3(c)(2)  Signature Authority Regarding Check-the-Box Elections
• PLR 199914006  (LLC With 2 Members Treated As A Disregarded Entity)
• PLR 200102037  (LLC Owned By Individual And Grantor Trust Was a DRE)
• PLR 200201024  (Sec. 7701 - LLC With Two Members (But One Economic Owner) Treated As A Disregarded Entity)
• PLR 200335019  (Conversion of Corp to LP and Election to Treat LP as Corp)
• PLR 200513001  (S Corp Owned Thru Disregarded LLCs and Disregarded LP)
• PLR 200626009  (12 Month Ownership Test Under US-UK Tax Treaty with Disregarded Entity)
• PLR 201122002  (Migration, "Uncheck" of DE & Downstream Merger into DE Treated as F Reorganization)
• 7701 U.S. Corporate Seller of CFC: Buyer Makes Immediate Check-the-Box Election
• FICA and Self-Employment Taxes For Foreign DRE

Section 7701b Individual Residency

• Reg. 301.7701(b)-4(d), Example 1  (Residency Starting Date & Residency Termination Date (De Minimis on Both Ends))
• Reg. 301.7701(b)-4(d), Example 2  (Residency Starting Date & Residency Termination Date (De Minimis on Front End Only))
• Reg. 301.7701(b)-4(d), Example 3  (Residency Starting Date & Residency Termination Date (De Minimis on Back End Only))
• Reg. 301.7701(b)-4(d), Example 4  (Residency Starting Date & Residency Termination Date (De Minimis on Front or Back End, But Not Both))

Section 7874 Expatriated Entities

• Reg. 1.7874-1(g), Example 1  (Inversion Via Triangular Merger with Hook Stock)
• Reg. 1.7874-1(g), Example 2  (Outbound Asset Reorganization as an Internal Group Restructuring)
• Reg. 1.7874-1(g), Example 3  (Outbound 351 of Stock as an Internal Group Restructuring)
• Reg. 1.7874-1(g), Example 4  (Outbound 351 of Stock as an Internal Group Restructuring)
• Reg. 1.7874-1(g), Example 5  (Outbound 351 of Stock Not an Internal Group Restructuring)
• Reg. 1.7874-1(g), Example 6  (Outbound Reorganization as an Internal Group Restructuring (Hook Stock))
• Reg. 1.7874-1(g), Example 7  (Loss of Control in Outbound B Reorganization)
• Reg. 1.7874-1(g), Example 8  (Outbound of Partnership as an Internal Group Restructuring
• Reg. 1.7874-2(k), Example 1  (Indirect Asset Acquisition Thru Stock of Domestic Corporation)
• Reg. 1.7874-2(k), Example 2  (Indirect Asset Acquisition Thru a Partnership Interest)
• Reg. 1.7874-2(k), Example 3  (Indirect Asset Acquisition - Outbound Triangular B Reorganization)
• Reg. 1.7874-2(k), Example 4  (No Indirect Asset Acquisition Thru Stock of Foreign Corp.)
• Reg. 1.7874-2(k), Example 5  (Indirect Asset Acquisition by Multiple Foreign Corps)
• Reg. 1.7874-2(k), Example 6  (Direct Asset Acquisition by Multiple Foreign Corps)
• Reg. 1.7874-2(k), Example 7  (Indirect Asset Acquisition of Multiple Domestic Corps)
• Reg. 1.7874-2(k), Example 8  (Stock Held "By Reason of" - Exchange of Stock & Other Property)
• Reg. 1.7874-2(k), Example 9  (Stock Held "By Reason of" - Divisive D Reorganization)
• Reg. 1.7874-2(k), Example 10  (Stock Held "By Reason of" - Outbound 351 By Partnership)
• Reg. 1.7874-2(k), Example 11  (Publicly Traded Foreign Partnership Treated as Domestic Corporation)
• Reg. 1.7874-2(k), Example 12  (Publicly Traded Foreign Partnership Not a Surrogate Foreign Corporation)
• Reg. 1.7874-2(k), Example 13  (Publicly Traded Foreign Partnership a SFC But Not a Domestic Corporation)
• Reg. 1.7874-2(k), Example 14  (Warrant For To-Be-Issued Shares Treated as Equity in Corporation)
• Reg. 1.7874-2(k), Example 15  (Option For Outstanding Shares Not Treated as Equity in Corporation)
• Reg. 1.7874-2(k), Example 16  (Warrant Treated as Equity in Outbound Asset Sale)
• Reg. 1.7874-2(k), Example 17  (Stock in Subsidiary Treated as Stock of Foreign Corporation)
• Reg. 1.7874-2(k), Example 18  (Partnership Interest Treated as Stock of Foreign Corporation)
• Reg. 1.7874-2(k), Example 19  (Stock Held "By Reason of" - Creditor Treated as a Shareholder)
• Reg. 1.7874-2(k), Example 20  (Deemed Inbound F Reorganization Due to SFC Status)
• Reg. 1.7874-2T(k), Example 21  (Multi - Step Acquisition Rule)
• Temp. Reg. 1.7874-4T(j), Example 1  (Stock Exchanged for Marketable Securities Disregarded in Ownership Fraction)
• Temp. Reg. 1.7874-4T(j), Example 2  (Property Acquired with a Principal Purpose of Avoiding Section 7874)
• Temp. Reg. 1.7874-4T(j), Example 3  (Property Acquired with a Principal Purpose of Avoiding Section 7874)
• Temp. Reg. 1.7874-4T(j), Example 4  (Nonqualified Property Exception: Stock of Corporation Joining EAG in Related Transaction)
• Temp. Reg. 1.7874-4T(j), Example 4, Alternative Facts  (Disqualified Stock Exception: No Increase to FMV of Assets or Decrease of Liabilities of Acquiror)
• Temp. Reg. 1.7874-4T(j), Example 5  (De minimis Exception to Exclusion of Disqualified Stock)
• Temp. Reg. 1.7874-4T(j), Example 6  (Obligation of Expanded Affiliated Group Satisfied with Stock)
• Temp. Reg. 1.7874-4T(j), Example 6, Alternative Facts  (Obligation of EAG Satisfied with Stock - Outbound Asset Reorganization)
• Temp. Reg. 1.7874-4T(j), Example 7  ("Over-The-Top" Stock Transfer)
• Temp. Reg. 1.7874-4T(j), Example 8  (Disqualified Stock Interaction with Internal Group Restructuring Rule)
• Temp. Reg. 1.7874-4T(j), Example 9  (Disqualified Stock Interaction with Loss of Control Rule (No Loss of Control))
• Temp. Reg. 1.7874-4T(j), Example 9, Alternative Facts  (Disqualified Stock Interaction with Loss of Control Rule (Loss of Control))
• Temp. Reg. 1.7874-5T(b), Example  (Stock Held "By Reason of" - Retained Status After Sale)
• Temp. Reg. 1.7874-6T(g), Example 1  (U.S. Parented Group Exception Not Available)
• Temp. Reg. 1.7874-6T(g), Example 2  (U.S. Parented Group Exception Available: F Reorganization & Sale)
• Temp. Reg. 1.7874-6T(g), Example 3  (U.S. Parented Group Exception Available: Spin-Offs)
• Temp. Reg. 1.7874-6T(g), Example 4  (Foreign Parented Group Exception)
• Temp. Reg. 1.7874-6T(g), Example 4, Alternative Facts  (Foreign Parented Group Exception Not Available)
• Reg. 1.7874-7T(g), Example 1  (Excess Nonqualified Property Increases 7874 Ownership Fraction)
• Reg. 1.7874-7T(g), Example 2  (Application of De Minimis Exception)
• Reg. 1.7874-7T(g), Example 3  (Foreign Acquiring Corporation Not Common Parent of EAG)
• Reg. 1.7874-8T(h), Example 1  (Multiple Domestic Entity Acquisitions)
• Reg. 1.7874-8T(h), Example 2  (Multiple Domestic Entity Acquisitions- Effect of Redemptions)
• Reg. 1.7874-8T(h), Example 3  (Multiple Domestic Entity Acquisitions- Effect of Redemptions & Stock Split)
• Reg. 1.7874-9T(f), Example 1  (Third-Country Transaction)
• Reg. 1.7874-9T(f), Example 1, Alternative Facts (iii)  (Third-Country Transaction: Change in Tax Residence)
• Reg. 1.7874-9T(f), Example 1, Alternative Facts (iv)  (Third-Country Transaction: Triangular Acquisition)
• Reg. 1.7874-11T(e), Example  (Effect of Inversion Gain)
• PLR 201432002  (No Inversion as a Result of an F Reorganization & an IPO)

Agent vs. Separate Entity

• Bass  (Swiss Corporation Was Respected As a Separate Entity)
• Bollinger  (Corporation as Agent of Its Owner)
• DeCoro USA Ltd  (Inbound Furniture Sales: Sales Comm. Model vs. Distributor Model)
• Moline Properties  (Corporation With A Single Shareholder is a Separate Taxable Entity)
• National Carbide  (Subsidiaries Were Not Agents of the Parent)
• Robucci  (Sham Entities with No Significant Purpose or Function Other Than Tax Avoidance)
• Rev. Rul. 73-100  (Transfer of Assets to Canadian Holder Was a Security Arrangement and Not a Trust)

Form vs. Substance

• Pauline Ach  (Corporation's Profits Allocated to Beneficial Owner)
• Aiken Industries  (Treaty Shopping / Back-to-Back Loans) Video
• American Manufacturing  (Outbound D Reorganization)
• American Metallurgical Coal Co.  (Transfer Was For Equity And Not For Debt; Post Transfer Payments Were Dividends)
• Aspro, Inc.  (Purported Management Fees Were Disguised Dividends)
• Atlas Tool  (D Reorganization with Boot)
• Barnes Group, Inc.  (Structured Repatriation of Cash Was Held to be a Dividend)
• Basye  (Partnership Attempt to Deflect Compensation to Retirement Plan)
• Blum  (Guaranteed Loans Not Treated As Equity Investments)
• Bollinger  (Corporation as Agent of Its Owner)
• Canal Corp.  (Disguised Sale to Partnership Under Section 707(a)(2)(B)
• Chisholm  (Transfer to Partnership and Partnership Sale - Form Respected)
• Chrome Plate, Inc.  (Kimbell-Diamond Doctrine Is Extinct)
• Corliss v. Bowers  (Income of Revocable (Grantor) Trust Taxed to Grantor)
• Court Holding  (Conduit Seller)
• Culbertson  (Family Partnership)
• DeCoro USA Ltd  (Inbound Furniture Sales: Sales Comm. Model vs. Distributor Model)
• Del Commercial Properties Inc.  (Conduit / Intermediary Entities Disregarded)
• Diedrich  (Conditional Gift with Donee Payment of Gift Tax)
• Esmark  (Tender offer followed by In-Kind redemption)
• Foglesong  (Lucas v. Earl Tension with Moline Properties)
• Gregory v. Helvering  (Spin-Off with Transitory Controlled)
• Helvering v. Horst  (Fruit Not Attributed to a Different Tree)
• Indofood International Finance Ltd.  (Hypothetical Beneficial Owner Under Indonesia-Netherlands DTA)
• Isom  (Insurance Agent Commission Assignment Not Respected)
• Jade Trading LLC  (Son of BOSS - Currency Spread Transaction)
• James Armour, Inc.  (Intercompany Sale of Assets & Liquidation was a D Reorganization)
• Kansas Sand & Concrete, Inc.  (Pre-Section 338 Stock Purchase & Upstream Merger)
• Kimbell-Diamond  (Stock Purchase & Target Liquidation Treated as Asset Acquisition)
• King Enterprises  (Two-step Merger)
• Kraft Foods Co.  (Distribution of Own Debt as a Dividend)
• Lang  (Deemed Payments of Medical Expenses & Property Taxes)
• F. & R. Lazarus & Co.  (Transfer of Legal Title was Security for a Loan)
• Frank Lyon Co.  (Sale & Leaseback Respected)
• Miami National Bank  (Beneficial Ownership Controls For Consolidated Returns)
• Miller  (No Look-Thru for Sourcing of Back to Back Services Payments)
• Moline Properties  (Corporation With A Single Shareholder is a Separate Taxable Entity)
• Morgan  (Liquidation - Reincorporation -- Meaningless Gesture)
• National Carbide  (Subsidiaries Were Not Agents of the Parent)
• Old Colony Trust  (Employer Payment of Employee Taxes)
• Plantation Patterns  (Guarantor treated as borrower) Video
• Prevost Car, Inc.  ("Beneficial Owner" Under Canada-Netherlands Tax Treaty)
• Robucci  (Sham Entities with No Significant Purpose or Function Other Than Tax Avoidance)
• Rubin  (AOID: Corporate Management Services Taxable to Controlling Shareholder)
• Sammons  (Constructive Dividend: Partial Vertical Control)
• SDI Netherlands B.V.  (Cascading Royalties)
• Soreng  (Disproportionate Circular Flow of Cash Not Disregarded)
• TBL Licensing LLC  (Gain Recognized on the Transfer of Intangible Property in an Oubound F Reorganization)
• Warsaw Photographic Associates, Inc.  (Purported D Reorg: No Meaningless Gesture if No Identity of Shareholders)
• Rev. Rul. 54-96  (Contribution & Stock Exchange Not a 351 Exchange Nor a B Reorganization)
• Rev. Rul. 56-345  (C Reorganization & Subsequent Redemption Not Integrated Transactions)
• Rev. Rul. 56-431  (Dividend Waiver Deemed Ineffectual with Related Shareholders)
• Rev. Rul. 56-654  (Corporate Charter Amendment Deemed a Recapitalization)
• Rev. Rul. 57-465  (Downstream Merger of Foreign Corporation was a D Reorganization)
• Rev. Rul. 58-1  (Bargain Rentals To Shareholders Results in Constructive Dividends)
• Rev. Rul. 58-93  (A Reorganization With a Drop (But Drop Precedes Merger))
• Rev. Rul. 60-50  (Complete Liquidation Followed by Reactivation)
• Rev. Rul. 63-234  (Two Step Exchange Did Not Qualify As B Reorganization (Remote Continuity))
• Rev. Rul. 63-260  (No "Control" for Spin-Off Due to Transitory Ownership)
• Rev. Rul. 66-365  (Solely for Voting Stock - Cash in Lieu of Fractional Shares)
• Rev. Rul. 67-202  (Contribution & Liquidation Was An Asset Reorganization & Section 269 Did Not Apply)
• Rev. Rul. 67-274  (B Reorganization plus Target Liquidation equals C Reorganization)
• Rev. Rul. 67-448  (Reverse Triangular Merger Was, in Substance, a B Reorganization)
• Rev. Rul. 68-183  (Sale to Trust Treated as Contribution to Trust)
• Rev. Rul. 68-289  (Merger of Partnerships: Deemed Transactions (Assets-Over Form))
• Rev. Rul. 68-602  (Pre-Liquidation Debt Cancellation of Insolvent Subsidiary)
• Rev. Rul. 69-608, Situation 1  (Constructive Dividend for Corporate Assumption of Shareholder Liability)
• Rev. Rul. 69-630  (Bargain Sale Between Brother-Sister Corporations)
• Rev. Rul. 70-223  (Taxable Stock Acquisition & Downstream Merger)
• Rev. Rul. 70-240  (Asset Sale & Liquidation Treated as D Reorganization)
• Rev. Rul. 70-305  (Subsidiary Purchase & Sale of Parent Stock) Video
• Rev. Rul. 70-469  (Consolidated Return Allowed With A Share Nominally Owned By Another)
• Rev. Rul. 71-336  (Corporation as Conduit for Exchange of Stock a Taxable Transaction)
• Rev. Rul. 72-135  (Nonrecourse Loans Recharacterized as Contributions to Capital)
• Rev. Rul. 72-350  (Equity Advance Creates No Partner Debt Basis)
• Rev. Rul. 72-320  (Momentary Ownership of Corporation Did Not Terminate S Election)
• Rev. Rul. 72-405  (Forward Triangular Merger & Liquidation of Transitory Subsidiary is a C Reorganization)
• Rev. Rul. 73-16  (Successive Stock-For-Stock Exchanges Treated a "B" and "Triangular B" Reorganizations)
• Rev. Rul. 73-226  (Payments to Protect Business Reputation & Goodwill)
• Rev. Rul. 73-233  (Surrender of Shares to Induce Consent to a Merger Was a Taxable Exchange)
• Rev. Rul. 73-427  ("Squeeze Out" Merger - Circular Flow of Cash)
• Rev. Rul. 73-496  (Momentary Ownership of Corporation Did Not Terminate S Election)
• Rev. Rul. 74-27  (Municipal Bond "Repo" Agreements)
• Rev. Rul. 74-564  (Merger of Transitory Entity Treated as B Reorganization)
• Rev. Rul. 75-223, Situation 1  (Partial Liquidation With Sale of Former Subsidiary's Assets)
• Rev. Rul. 75-223, Situation 2  (Partial Liquidation With Sale of Subsidiary's Assets)
• Rev. Rul. 75-360  (Cash Redemption & Share Acquisition Treated as Busted B Reorganization)
• Rev. Rul. 75-383  (Inbound D Reorganization) Video
• Rev. Rul. 76-192  (Third Party "Filter" was Ineffective / CFC Created to Avoid Section 956) Video
• Rev. Rul. 76-123  (Section 351 Exchange Combined With C Reorganization)
• Rev. Rul. 76-223  (Voting Rights Added to Qualify Exchange as a B Reorganization)
• Rev. Rul. 76-454  (Constructive Dividend as Part of 351 Exchange) Video
• Rev. Rul. 77-226  (No DRD for Redemption Integrated with Sale)
• Rev. Rul. 78-83  (Constructive Dividend - Diversion of Income Between Foreign Subsidiaries)
• Rev. Rul. 78-397  (Forward Triangular Merger: Circular Flow of Cash)
• Rev. Rul. 80-154  (Foreign Corp.'s Capitalization of Earnings - Sec. 305 Stock Dividend) Video
• Rev. Rul. 80-239  (301 Distribution Thru Conduit Entity)
• Rev. Rul. 80-240  (Shareholder Treated As AgentTo Borrow Funds For Corp)
• Rev. Rul. 81-54  (DISC Commissions with Respect to Gifted DISC Shares Result in Continuing Gifts)
• Rev. Rul. 81-110  (Payment Of An Individual's Debt To A Charity By A Third Party Was A Gift To the Individual)
• Rev. Rul. 82-144  (Sale Treated as Sale Despite Acquisition of "Put")
• Rev. Rul. 82-150  (Deep in-the-Money Option Deemed Exercised)
• Rev. Rul. 83-22  (Dividend on Non-vested Stock With 83(b) Election Treat as a Dividend)
• Rev. Rul. 83-142  (Circular Flow of Cash in Foreign Spin-Off)
• Rev. Rul. 83-156  (351 Followed by 721)
• Rev. Rul. 84-68  (Parent Payment of Bonuses to Subsidiary Employees) Video
• Rev. Rul. 84-79  (Shares Owned "Directly" Through Voting Trust)
• Rev. Rul. 85-87  ("In-the-Money" Put Option Treated as Contract to Acquire Stock for Wash Sale Rule)
• Rev. Rul. 90-13  (No Surrender of Stock in Pro Rata Partial Liquidation)
• Notice 94-48  (Tax Deductible Preferred Stock)
• Rev. Rul. 2001-26, Situation 1  (Two Step Reverse Triangular Merger)
• Notice 2001-45  (Basis Shifting Tax Shelter)
• Rev. Rul. 2004-83  (Related Stock Purch. & Liquidation Treated as D Reorganization) Video
• Rev. Rul. 2008-1  (U.S. Dollar Denominated Derivative Contract Treated As Euro Denominated Debt)
• Rev. Rul. 2008-5  (Loss Disallowed on Wash Sale to Roth IRA)
• Rev. Rul. 2008-18, Situation 1  (S Election In F Reorg With QSub)
• Rev. Rul. 2008-18, Situation 2  (S Election In F Reorg With QSub)
• Rev. Rul. 2008-25  (Multi-Step Reorganization Was a Qualified Stock Purchase)
• Rev. Rul. 2009-15, Situation 1  (Partnership UN-CTB Election to S Corporation)
• Rev. Rul. 2009-15, Situation 2  (Partnership Conversion to S Corporation)
• Reg. 1.679-3(c)(5), Example 1  (Intermediary Transfer to Foreign Trust)
• Reg. 1.679-3(c)(5), Example 2  (Delayed Intermediary Transfer to Foreign Trust)
• Reg. 1.679-3(c)(5), Example 3  (Indirect Loan to Foreign Trust)
• Reg. 1.679-3(c)(5), Example 4  (Indirect Loan to Foreign Trust)
• Reg. 1.679-3(d)(2), Example 1  (Constructive Transfer to Foreign Trust: Debt Payment)
• Reg. 1.679-3(d)(2), Example 2  (Constructive Transfer to Foreign Trust: Liability Assumption)
• Reg. 1.679-3(e)(5), Example 1  (Deemed Transfer to a Foreign Trust: Guarantee of Loan)
• Reg. 1.679-3(e)(5), Example 2  (Deemed Transfer to a Foreign Trust: Guarantee of U.S. Lender's Loan)
• Reg. 1.679-3(f)(2), Example 1  (Deemed Transfers Thru a Foreign Grantor Trust with U.S. Beneficiaries)
• Reg. 1.679-3(f)(2), Example 2  (Deemed Transfers Thru a Foreign Non-Grantor Trust with Foreign Beneficiaries)
• Reg. 1.708-1(c)(5), Example 2  ("Assets-Over" Partnership Merger (Deemed Steps Differed From Actual Steps))
• Reg. 1.708-1(c)(5), Example 4  (Interests-Over Form of Partnership Merger Treated As Assets-Over Form)
• Reg. 1.988-1(a)(11)(ii), Example  (Sale of Stock Treated as Section 988 Transaction)
• Reg. 1.1361-4(a)(2)(ii), Example 1  (Qualified Stock Purchase & QSub Election)
• Reg. 1.1361-4(a)(2)(ii), Example 2  (Stock for Stock Exchange & QSub Election)
• Reg. 1.1361-4(a)(2)(ii), Example 3  (Contribution & QSub Election - Drop & Check)
• PLR 200752019  (A Transitory Transfer of Stock Pursuant to a Forward Triangular Merger Was Disregarded)
• PLR 201122002  (Migration, "Uncheck" of DE & Downstream Merger into DE Treated as F Reorganization)
• PLR 201328003  (Deemed Distribution & Contribution with Circular Flow of Cash (Plus "F" Reorganization))
• PLR 201451009  (Professional Corps Allowed In Consolidated Group)
• PLR 202040005  (A Deemed Partnership Distribution of a USRHC & A Deemed Contribution of the USRPHC Into a Foreign Corporation Qualified For Nonrecognition)

Ownership Attribution

• 267 Family Attribution
• 318 Family Attribution
• Multiple Family Attribution Rules
• Notice 2001-45  (Basis Shifting Tax Shelter)
• Rev. Rul. 70-141  (Ownership Attribution - Reg. 1.1502-34 & Sections 332 & 351)
• Rev. Rul. 74-598  (Ownership Attribution - Reg. 1.1502-34 & Section 332)

Other

• Cheat Sheet

• • 861-865 Classification of Transactions
  • Cheat Sheet: 1.861-9 and 9T  (Partnership Interest Expense Allocation Rules for Individuals)
  • Cheat Sheet: Reviewing Form 5471 for an Individual Owning a CFC With a GILTI Inclusion and no Subpart F Income
• Arrowsmith  (Relation Back Doctrine)
• Bruun  (Landlord Taxation of Leasehold Improvements)
• Cadbury Schweppes  (Freedom of Establishment and U.K. CFC Legislation)
• Corliss v. Bowers  (Income of Revocable (Grantor) Trust Taxed to Grantor)
• Cottage Savings Association  (Losses Allowed on Exchanges of Mortgages for Substantially Identical Mortgages)
• Crane  (Debt Relief from Nonrecourse Mortgage)
• Dagres  (Business Bad Debt Deduction for Private Equity Fund Manager)
• Dalm  (No Jurisdiction for Refund Claim if Based Solely on the Doctrine of Equitable Recoupment)
• Davis  (Transfer for Release of Marital Claims)
• Duberstein  (Gift Defined: Detached & Disinterested Generosity)
• Lucas v. Earl  (Income is Taxed to the Person who Earned It)
• Fink  (No Deduction for Voluntary Surrender of Stock to a Corporation)
• General Utilities  (No Gain on In-Kind Corporate Distributions)
• Glenshaw Glass  (Accessions to Wealth)
• Hendler  (Liability Assumption was Boot in a Reorganization)
• Helvering v. Horst  (Fruit Not Attributed to a Different Tree)
• Indianapolis Power & Light  (Customer Deposits Were Not Advance Payments)
• Isom  (Insurance Agent Commission Assignment Not Respected)
• Kirby Lumber  (Gain on Bond Retirement)
• Knetsch  (Sham Interest Expense)
• Burnet v. Logan  (Open Transaction Doctrine (Contingent Payments))
• P.G. Lake, Inc.  (No Capital Gain on Sale of Right to Receive Ordinary Income)
• Marks & Spencer  (U.K. Group Relief for Non-U.K. Losses)
• McWilliams  (Losses Disallowed for Related-Party Sales Thru Intermediary)
• North Texas Lumber Co.  (Timing of Sale Transaction)
• Pierre  (Valuation Discounts for Transfers of Interests in a Single Member LLC)
• Rubin  (AOID: Corporate Management Services Taxable to Controlling Shareholder)
• Sanford & Brooks Co.  (Annual Accounting)
• Schlude  (Prepaid Dance Lessons)
• Spring City Foundry Co.  (No Partial Deduction for Bad Debt of Accrual Basis Taxpayer)
• Tufts  (Debt Relief from Nonrecourse Mortgage: FMV of Property Less Than Debt)
• Vodafone 2  (Freedom of Establishment & U.K. CFC Legislation)
• Woodsam Assoc.  (No Gain Recognition on Debt Conversion from Recourse to Non-Recourse)
• Rev. Rul. 55-143  (Nonresident Alien With Funds in Bank Safe-Deposit Box At Time Of Death)
• Rev. Rul. 63-252  (Deductibility of Contributions to "Foreign Feeder" Charities)
• Rev. Rul. 66-79  (Deductibility of Contributions to Foreign Feeder Charity)
• Rev. Rul. 69-74  (Private Annuity In Exchange for Appreciated Property)
• Rev. Rul. 69-93  (Nominal Real Estate Deposit Not Taxable Until Closing) Video
• Rev. Rul. 73-442  (DISC Single Class of Stock Requirement) Video
• Rev. Rul. 73-605  (Consolidated Tax Liability-Member Payments)
• Rev. Rul. 78-38  (Charitable Contribution Via Credit Card: Deductible in Year Charge Was Made)
• Rev. Rul. 78-39  (Medical Expense Via Credit Card: Deductible in Year Charge Was Made)
• Rev. Rul. 80-58, Situation 1  (Rescission of Contract Within Same Taxable Year)
• Rev. Rul. 80-58, Situation 2  (Rescission of Contract in Following Taxable Year)
• Rev. Rul. 82-144  (Sale Treated as Sale Despite Acquisition of "Put")
• Rev. Rul. 84-125  (Accrual of FTCs on Contested Liability (Partially Paid) & 10 Year Refund Period)
• Rev. Rul. 85-87  ("In-the-Money" Put Option Treated as Contract to Acquire Stock for Wash Sale Rule)
• Rev. Rul. 85-119  (Bank Notes: Equity for Regulatory Purposes & Debt for Tax Purposes)
• Notice 94-48  (Tax Deductible Preferred Stock)
• Notice 2003-22  (Offshore Deferred Compensation Arrangement (Listed Transaction))
• Rev. Rul. 2003-96  (Nonapplication of Section 482 to Lease Stripping Transaction)
• Rev. Rul. 2004-37  (Forgiveness of Option Exercise Debt Treated as Compensation)
• Rev. Rul. 2004-79  (Subsidiary Purchase of Parent Debt)
• Notice 2007-57  (Loss Importation Listed Transaction)
• Rev. Rul. 2008-15, Situation 1  (Section 4371 Excise Tax on Outbound Ins. & Fgn-to-Fgn Reins.)
• Rev. Rul. 2008-15, Situation 2  (Section 4371 Excise Tax on Outbound Reins. & Fgn-to-Fgn Reins.)
• Rev. Rul. 2008-15, Situation 3  (Section 4371 Excise Tax on Outbound Ins. & Fgn-to-Fgn Reins.)
• Rev. Rul. 2008-15, Situation 4  (Section 4371 Excise Tax on Outbound Ins. & Fgn-to-Fgn Reins.)
• Reg. 1.267(a)-3(b)(4), Example 1  (Interest Expense of Accrual Taxpayer Not Deductible Until Paid)
• Prop. Reg. 1.453-1(f)(2)(iv), Example 1  (Installment Obligation Received in Forward Triangular Merger)
• Reg. 1.861-3(a)(3)(iii), Example 1  (Dividends Received Deduction for Dividend from Foreign Corporation) Video
• Reg. 1.861-13(a)(1)(i)(A)  (Ten Statutory Groupings for Characterizing CFC Stock)
• Reg. 1.986(a)-1(a)(2)(iv)(D), Example  (Corp. Elects To Use The Spot Rate To Translate Non-Functional Currency Taxes of Dollar QBUs)
• Prop. Reg. 1.1402(a)-2(i), Example  (Limited Partners for Self-Employment Purposes)
• PLR 8711107  (Taxation of Stock Options Granted to NRAs)
• PLR 9412008  (NRA Automatically Elected Out of Installment Method)
• TAM 9830002  (Discharge of Indebtedness by Direct & Indirect Shareholders) (Sec. 108)
• PLR 200945026  (Deferral of Currency Loss on Hedge Contact Under 267(f)(2)
• PLR 201016048  (Section 108(e)(6) vs. Section 108(e)(8))
• PLR 201122002  (Migration, "Uncheck" of DE & Downstream Merger into DE Treated as F Reorganization)
• PLR 201251003  (Deconsolidation Through Use of Foreign Subsidiary)
• PLR 201324005  (ADS Depreciation Not Required for Possession Located Property Held Through a Partnership)
• A Tangled Web of Terms